Explanation of the words of Ibn Malik (may Allah have mercy on him): "And its formation is from a transitive verb for a present one *** like a pure heart and a beautiful appearance."
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The Shaykh :"And its formation is from a transitive verb for a present one"
"Formation" is the subject, and "from a transitive verb" is its predicate, meaning: it is only formed from a transitive verb. What is the meaning of a transitive verb? It means one that does not take an object. It has been mentioned to us previously that verbs are either transitive or intransitive, and that the sign of a transitive verb is that the pronoun "ha" (it) can be attached to it, as in "he did this"; this is its sign. So, this is formed from the transitive verb, meaning: from the transitive verb for the present tense, not the past or the future. It is formed from the transitive verb for the present tense. An example of this is—peace be upon you.
"Like a pure heart and a beautiful appearance"
Like a pure heart. "Pure" is an active participle, but it is a descriptive adjective, because the intended meaning is permanence and continuity. The intention is not that we washed his heart until it became pure; rather, what is intended is what?
The student: Permanence.
The Shaykh : Permanence and continuity. A pure heart means: that his heart is clean of hatred, envy, and malice. And with that, his body is also pure of defects, free from flaws. For this reason, he said:
"A beautiful appearance"
A beautiful appearance. So, he is good in his outward appearance and his inward self. This is rarer among people today than red sulfur, as they say. It is rare to find a person with a pure heart and a beautiful appearance. Included in beauty is moral beauty, which is the primary aspect, such that a person greets his brothers with a cheerful and happy face, and he is not frowning. Yes, this is the one who is granted such a companion and friend; he attains much good. For this reason, he said:
"Like a pure heart and a beautiful appearance"
Fine. Here, "heart" is the subject in meaning, because the meaning is "his heart became pure." And "beautiful appearance" is likewise, meaning: his appearance became beautiful.
"Formation" is the subject, and "from a transitive verb" is its predicate, meaning: it is only formed from a transitive verb. What is the meaning of a transitive verb? It means one that does not take an object. It has been mentioned to us previously that verbs are either transitive or intransitive, and that the sign of a transitive verb is that the pronoun "ha" (it) can be attached to it, as in "he did this"; this is its sign. So, this is formed from the transitive verb, meaning: from the transitive verb for the present tense, not the past or the future. It is formed from the transitive verb for the present tense. An example of this is—peace be upon you.
"Like a pure heart and a beautiful appearance"
Like a pure heart. "Pure" is an active participle, but it is a descriptive adjective, because the intended meaning is permanence and continuity. The intention is not that we washed his heart until it became pure; rather, what is intended is what?
The student: Permanence.
The Shaykh : Permanence and continuity. A pure heart means: that his heart is clean of hatred, envy, and malice. And with that, his body is also pure of defects, free from flaws. For this reason, he said:
"A beautiful appearance"
A beautiful appearance. So, he is good in his outward appearance and his inward self. This is rarer among people today than red sulfur, as they say. It is rare to find a person with a pure heart and a beautiful appearance. Included in beauty is moral beauty, which is the primary aspect, such that a person greets his brothers with a cheerful and happy face, and he is not frowning. Yes, this is the one who is granted such a companion and friend; he attains much good. For this reason, he said:
"Like a pure heart and a beautiful appearance"
Fine. Here, "heart" is the subject in meaning, because the meaning is "his heart became pure." And "beautiful appearance" is likewise, meaning: his appearance became beautiful.