Explanation of the words of Ibn Malik (may Allah have mercy on him): "A description whose genitive of the doer is preferred *** in meaning, it resembles the active participle."
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The Shaykh : He said:
"A description whose genitive of the doer is preferred *** in meaning, it resembles the active participle"
This is actually its definition by its ruling and its function; otherwise, its definition by its reality is: it is any description that indicates permanence and continuity in the one who possesses it. As for the explanation by its ruling, function, and effect, that is the author's statement. And his saying:
"The genitive of the doer by it is preferred *** in meaning"
The doer of meaning. He only said "doer of meaning" because after the genitive case, it is not a doer, but rather a possessed noun. However, in reality, it is a doer. You say: "This is a man with a handsome face." "Handsome" is a possessive adjective and "face" is the possessed noun, but in meaning, what does it mean? It means "his face is handsome" in meaning. For this reason, he said:
"*** in meaning, it resembles the active participle"
What is the grammatical analysis of "al-mushabbah" (the one resembling)?
The student: It is a predicate (khabar).
The Shaykh : The predicate of what?
The student: Of "sifah" (description).
The Shaykh : Of "sifah." Well, "sifah" is indefinite and "al-mushabbah" is definite.
The student: It is indefinite, but it has been described.
The Shaykh : Its indefiniteness has been described by his saying:
"The genitive of the doer by it is preferred ***"
And on this basis, "sifah" is the subject and "al-mushabbah" is its predicate. And his saying:
The active participle is the object of "al-mushabbah." "The active participle" means: this is the description resembling the active participle. It is the one by which the genitive of the doer is preferred, the doer in meaning. But by whom is it preferred? By every person? No, because one who does not know Arabic might prefer the genitive of the doer with the verb. Yes, he might say: "Zayd stood up" (with Zayd in the genitive), "Zayd came" (with Zayd in the genitive), "I honored Zayd" (with Zayd in the genitive). Yes, perhaps if asked, "What is this?" he would say, "By Allah, this is easier for me," and he would prefer to put the doer, whom the verb treats as an object, in the genitive. This is not what is intended, yes?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Huh?
The student: Zayd.
The Shaykh : Fine, or rather, the standard is what came from the Arabs and those with sound taste, yes. He said.
"A description whose genitive of the doer is preferred *** in meaning, it resembles the active participle"
This is actually its definition by its ruling and its function; otherwise, its definition by its reality is: it is any description that indicates permanence and continuity in the one who possesses it. As for the explanation by its ruling, function, and effect, that is the author's statement. And his saying:
"The genitive of the doer by it is preferred *** in meaning"
The doer of meaning. He only said "doer of meaning" because after the genitive case, it is not a doer, but rather a possessed noun. However, in reality, it is a doer. You say: "This is a man with a handsome face." "Handsome" is a possessive adjective and "face" is the possessed noun, but in meaning, what does it mean? It means "his face is handsome" in meaning. For this reason, he said:
"*** in meaning, it resembles the active participle"
What is the grammatical analysis of "al-mushabbah" (the one resembling)?
The student: It is a predicate (khabar).
The Shaykh : The predicate of what?
The student: Of "sifah" (description).
The Shaykh : Of "sifah." Well, "sifah" is indefinite and "al-mushabbah" is definite.
The student: It is indefinite, but it has been described.
The Shaykh : Its indefiniteness has been described by his saying:
"The genitive of the doer by it is preferred ***"
And on this basis, "sifah" is the subject and "al-mushabbah" is its predicate. And his saying:
The active participle is the object of "al-mushabbah." "The active participle" means: this is the description resembling the active participle. It is the one by which the genitive of the doer is preferred, the doer in meaning. But by whom is it preferred? By every person? No, because one who does not know Arabic might prefer the genitive of the doer with the verb. Yes, he might say: "Zayd stood up" (with Zayd in the genitive), "Zayd came" (with Zayd in the genitive), "I honored Zayd" (with Zayd in the genitive). Yes, perhaps if asked, "What is this?" he would say, "By Allah, this is easier for me," and he would prefer to put the doer, whom the verb treats as an object, in the genitive. This is not what is intended, yes?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Huh?
The student: Zayd.
The Shaykh : Fine, or rather, the standard is what came from the Arabs and those with sound taste, yes. He said.