Explanation of the words of Ibn Malik (may Allah have mercy on him): "Make 'ka-bi'sa' like 'sa'a,' and make fa'ula *** from a three-letter word, like 'na'ima' recorded."
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The Shaykh :"Like bi'sa, sa'a".
"Make 'ka-bi'sa' like 'sa'a'":
His statement: "ka-bi'sa": The letter kaf is a noun meaning "like," so it is in the accusative case, but it is built on sukun in the position of the accusative, meaning: make it like bi'sa. And how does bi'sa become [a noun]? The letter kaf, which is a preposition, is entered into it, and it is a verb! Is that so?
The student: The intended meaning is its word form.
The Shaykh : The intended meaning is its word form, the intended meaning is its word form, meaning: make it like this word form, make it like this word form, is that so?
And his statement: "sa'a": We say the same thing about it, for sa'a is a verb, and yet we decline it as the first object of "make," meaning: make sa'a like bi'sa. And how can it be an object when it is a verb? We say: because the intended meaning is?
The student: Its word form.
The Shaykh : Its word form, meaning: make this word form, sa'a. And from this is the saying of Allah the Exalted:[Al-A'raf 7:177]: The people: is the subject of sa'a, and the specified thing is omitted, compensated for by the distinguishing word in His saying: , and its original form is: sa'a al-mithlu mithlan, yes, sa'a al-mithl, or, sa'a mithlan al-qawmu mithlan. Good, so what is the ruling of sa'a? Its ruling is like bi'sa if it is intended to express blame, like you say: "Sa'a al-rajulu Zaydun", just as you say: Bi'sa al-rajulu Zaydun. But if you say: Sa'ani kitha, it is not from this category. Sa'ani kitha, or: So-and-so hit Zayd and it saddened him, and the like of that, it is not from this category, because what is from this category is what is intended to express blame, not what is intended to cause something that saddens. So what is intended to cause something that saddens is not from this category, so it is an ordinary verb. Yes, he said: "Make fa'ula *** from a three-letter word, like na'ima recorded".
"Make fa'ula *** from a three-letter word": Fa'ula: with a dammah on the 'ayn, from a three-letter word: meaning from a verb of three letters like na'ima. Look at it!! Like na'ima in praise and in action also. Musjilan: meaning absolutely. Musjilan here means absolutely. So fa'ula which is intended to express praise is made like na'ima. You say for example: Saduq al-rajulu Zaydun, for example, Saduq al-rajulu Zaydun: meaning like what we say: Na'ima al-rajulu Zaydun. So we make al-rajul the subject, and Zayd is the one specified for praise. And his statement: "Musjilan": We said its meaning is?
The student: Absolutely.
The Shaykh : Absolutely.
The student: Absolutely, O Shaykh, if it increases or is transitive?
The Shaykh : Yes, and even if it is broken, if it is intended to express praise, it is made with a dammah, because it is intended to attribute this quality to it.
"Make 'ka-bi'sa' like 'sa'a'":
His statement: "ka-bi'sa": The letter kaf is a noun meaning "like," so it is in the accusative case, but it is built on sukun in the position of the accusative, meaning: make it like bi'sa. And how does bi'sa become [a noun]? The letter kaf, which is a preposition, is entered into it, and it is a verb! Is that so?
The student: The intended meaning is its word form.
The Shaykh : The intended meaning is its word form, the intended meaning is its word form, meaning: make it like this word form, make it like this word form, is that so?
And his statement: "sa'a": We say the same thing about it, for sa'a is a verb, and yet we decline it as the first object of "make," meaning: make sa'a like bi'sa. And how can it be an object when it is a verb? We say: because the intended meaning is?
The student: Its word form.
The Shaykh : Its word form, meaning: make this word form, sa'a. And from this is the saying of Allah the Exalted:
How evil an example
ساءَ مثلاً القومُFor example,
مثلاً"Make fa'ula *** from a three-letter word": Fa'ula: with a dammah on the 'ayn, from a three-letter word: meaning from a verb of three letters like na'ima. Look at it!! Like na'ima in praise and in action also. Musjilan: meaning absolutely. Musjilan here means absolutely. So fa'ula which is intended to express praise is made like na'ima. You say for example: Saduq al-rajulu Zaydun, for example, Saduq al-rajulu Zaydun: meaning like what we say: Na'ima al-rajulu Zaydun. So we make al-rajul the subject, and Zayd is the one specified for praise. And his statement: "Musjilan": We said its meaning is?
The student: Absolutely.
The Shaykh : Absolutely.
The student: Absolutely, O Shaykh, if it increases or is transitive?
The Shaykh : Yes, and even if it is broken, if it is intended to express praise, it is made with a dammah, because it is intended to attribute this quality to it.