Explanation of the statement of Ibn Malik (may Allah have mercy on him): The Substitute (Badal).
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The Shaykh : In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
He (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "The Substitute (Badal)": The meaning of the substitute is that something is placed in place of something else; this is the original rule. Yes, so if you say, "I substituted such-and-such with such-and-such," does the preposition "ba" here enter upon the thing taken or the thing expelled?
The student: Yes, O Shaykh?
The Shaykh : I substituted such-and-such with such-and-such?
The student: The thing expelled.
The Shaykh : Huh, I substituted such-and-such with such-and-such?!
The student: The "ba" entered upon the substitute.
The Shaykh : Yes, but did it enter upon the thing taken or the thing expelled?
The student: The thing expelled.
Another student: The thing expelled.
The Shaykh : Consider it carefully.
The student: The thing expelled.
The Shaykh : Okay, I substituted this with this?
The student: The thing taken.
Another student: The thing taken.
The Shaykh : Huh?
The student: The thing taken.
The Shaykh : The thing taken.
The student: Its origin is...
The Shaykh : No, no, it is upon the thing taken. If you say, "I took this in place of this"?
The student: This sought something other than it.
The Shaykh : No, no, so the "ba" entered upon what?
The student: Upon the thing taken.
The Shaykh : No.
The student: The thing taken.
The Shaykh : No, it is upon the thing expelled. "I took this in place of this" means I took it as a substitute, and with this, it means I left it, meaning the thing left behind.
The student:[Al-Baqarah 2:61].
The Shaykh : Yes, as the Exalted said:[Al-Baqarah 2:61], [Al-Baqarah 2:61] Now, did the "ba" enter upon the thing left behind or the thing taken?
The student: The thing left behind.
The Shaykh : Huh?
The student: Upon the thing left behind.
The Shaykh : The thing left behind or the thing expelled, it is all the same; it is upon the thing left behind. We must know the difference between: "I substituted such-and-such with such-and-such" and "I took such-and-such in place of such-and-such."
In "I substituted such-and-such with such-and-such," the "ba" is upon the thing taken, yes. And in "I took such-and-such in place of such-and-such," the "ba" is upon the thing left behind. People often make a mistake in distinguishing between these two.
He (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "The Substitute (Badal)": The meaning of the substitute is that something is placed in place of something else; this is the original rule. Yes, so if you say, "I substituted such-and-such with such-and-such," does the preposition "ba" here enter upon the thing taken or the thing expelled?
The student: Yes, O Shaykh?
The Shaykh : I substituted such-and-such with such-and-such?
The student: The thing expelled.
The Shaykh : Huh, I substituted such-and-such with such-and-such?!
The student: The "ba" entered upon the substitute.
The Shaykh : Yes, but did it enter upon the thing taken or the thing expelled?
The student: The thing expelled.
Another student: The thing expelled.
The Shaykh : Consider it carefully.
The student: The thing expelled.
The Shaykh : Okay, I substituted this with this?
The student: The thing taken.
Another student: The thing taken.
The Shaykh : Huh?
The student: The thing taken.
The Shaykh : The thing taken.
The student: Its origin is...
The Shaykh : No, no, it is upon the thing taken. If you say, "I took this in place of this"?
The student: This sought something other than it.
The Shaykh : No, no, so the "ba" entered upon what?
The student: Upon the thing taken.
The Shaykh : No.
The student: The thing taken.
The Shaykh : No, it is upon the thing expelled. "I took this in place of this" means I took it as a substitute, and with this, it means I left it, meaning the thing left behind.
The student:
Would you exchange what is better for what is less?
أتستبدلون الذي هو أدنى بالذي هو خيرThe Shaykh : Yes, as the Exalted said:
Would you exchange what is better for what is less?
أتستبدلون الذي هو أدنى بالذي هو خيرwhat is better
بالذي هو خيرThe student: The thing left behind.
The Shaykh : Huh?
The student: Upon the thing left behind.
The Shaykh : The thing left behind or the thing expelled, it is all the same; it is upon the thing left behind. We must know the difference between: "I substituted such-and-such with such-and-such" and "I took such-and-such in place of such-and-such."
In "I substituted such-and-such with such-and-such," the "ba" is upon the thing taken, yes. And in "I took such-and-such in place of such-and-such," the "ba" is upon the thing left behind. People often make a mistake in distinguishing between these two.