Explanation of the words of Ibn Malik (may Allah have mercy on him): "Visit Khalid and kiss the hands *** And know his right and take a noble [path] for as long as you can."
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The Shaykh : The examples: "Visit Khalid":
"Visit Khalid": This is not a state (hal) for Khalid, nor is it an active participle, but it is a proper name, a single name called Khalid. So it becomes a substitute (badal) for the pronoun, as if he said: "Visit Khalid." Is that clear? Good. And likewise, for example, if I said: "Visit Zayd," and he has two names, for example, "Visit Zayd 'Abdullah," it becomes a substitute for Zayd, an explicit name substituted for an explicit name. "Ride the camel, the beast," here, what is this? A substitute?
The student: Wrong.
The Shaykh : No, no, it is a matching substitute (mutabaqah). The phrase is the camel. "Ride the car, the motor," here, is it the same thing?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Huh?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Good: "Buy a phone, a telephone?"
The student: A matching substitute.
The Shaykh : A matching substitute, and there are many examples.
"And kiss the hands ***":
"And kiss the hands": Look, the pronoun refers to the whole person, so I said: "the hands." The hand is a part of the person, so the hand here is a substitute of a part for the whole. And the like of it is: "Kiss the head," or not?
The student: Yes, indeed.
The Shaykh : Here, "Kiss the forehead," here, "Treat the eye," or is that not correct?
The student: It is correct.
The Shaykh : Is it correct? "Treat Zayd's eye"?
The student: No, it cannot be, there is ambiguity in it.
The Shaykh : Yes, there is ambiguity, unless his eye is hurting him and we see it, or it cannot be understood as an emphasis.
The student: His left eye.
The Shaykh : Yes, yes, "his left eye" removes the ambiguity. Yes, good. So: what do we call this? A substitute of a part for the whole. And I told you: some grammarians established a substitute of the whole for a part, and they cited as evidence for it the saying of the poet, here?
The student: "May Allah have mercy on bones they buried".
The Shaykh :"May Allah have mercy on bones they buried *** In Sijistan, Talha of the Talhas",
He said: "bones," and bones are a part of the person, yes. "In Sijistan, Talha of the Talhas", good, this is the part.
"And know his right":
"Know him": Let us leave the pronoun. "Know Zayd," "Know Zayd his right," this is a substitute of what?
The student: Inclusion (ishtimal).
The Shaykh : Because of the right.
"Visit Khalid": This is not a state (hal) for Khalid, nor is it an active participle, but it is a proper name, a single name called Khalid. So it becomes a substitute (badal) for the pronoun, as if he said: "Visit Khalid." Is that clear? Good. And likewise, for example, if I said: "Visit Zayd," and he has two names, for example, "Visit Zayd 'Abdullah," it becomes a substitute for Zayd, an explicit name substituted for an explicit name. "Ride the camel, the beast," here, what is this? A substitute?
The student: Wrong.
The Shaykh : No, no, it is a matching substitute (mutabaqah). The phrase is the camel. "Ride the car, the motor," here, is it the same thing?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Huh?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Good: "Buy a phone, a telephone?"
The student: A matching substitute.
The Shaykh : A matching substitute, and there are many examples.
"And kiss the hands ***":
"And kiss the hands": Look, the pronoun refers to the whole person, so I said: "the hands." The hand is a part of the person, so the hand here is a substitute of a part for the whole. And the like of it is: "Kiss the head," or not?
The student: Yes, indeed.
The Shaykh : Here, "Kiss the forehead," here, "Treat the eye," or is that not correct?
The student: It is correct.
The Shaykh : Is it correct? "Treat Zayd's eye"?
The student: No, it cannot be, there is ambiguity in it.
The Shaykh : Yes, there is ambiguity, unless his eye is hurting him and we see it, or it cannot be understood as an emphasis.
The student: His left eye.
The Shaykh : Yes, yes, "his left eye" removes the ambiguity. Yes, good. So: what do we call this? A substitute of a part for the whole. And I told you: some grammarians established a substitute of the whole for a part, and they cited as evidence for it the saying of the poet, here?
The student: "May Allah have mercy on bones they buried".
The Shaykh :"May Allah have mercy on bones they buried *** In Sijistan, Talha of the Talhas",
He said: "bones," and bones are a part of the person, yes. "In Sijistan, Talha of the Talhas", good, this is the part.
"And know his right":
"Know him": Let us leave the pronoun. "Know Zayd," "Know Zayd his right," this is a substitute of what?
The student: Inclusion (ishtimal).
The Shaykh : Because of the right.