Explanation of the words of Ibn Malik (may Allah have mercy on him): "And the 'ajuz, delete from a compound, and say *** Truncation of a sentence, and this 'Amr transmitted."
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The Shaykh : He says:
"And the 'ajuz, delete from a compound"
This is more emphatic than deleting two letters. Look, truncation is the deletion of one letter, then it comes to the deletion of two letters, then it comes to the deletion of the entire 'ajuz.
"And the 'ajuz, delete from a compound"
Is Ma'd Karb a compound formed by blending or not?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Okay, we deleted Karb, how much was deleted?
The student: Inability.
The Shaykh : But from how many letters?
The student: Three.
The Shaykh : Three letters, even if it were assumed to be a compound of more than three letters, the whole thing is deleted, the entire 'ajuz. Hadramawt is three letters, a compound formed by blending. Baalbek, how many?
The student: Two.
The Shaykh : No, three letters, because the kaf is doubled, so it is three letters. The important point is that the compound has its entire 'ajuz deleted. Does the additional compound fall under this statement?
The student: It is not included.
The Shaykh : It does not fall under it.
The student: According to the statement.
The Shaykh : Because it was mentioned before us: "Without addition or attribution, complete"
And for this reason, he said regarding attribution: "And the truncation of a sentence is rare"
"The truncation of a sentence is rare" means: if it is not compounded as a sentence, then its truncation is rare. Among its examples is Ta'abbat Sharra. Is Ta'abbat Sharra a compound formed by attribution or not?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Because Ta'abbat is a past verb, the doer is hidden, and Sharra is the object, this entire sentence was brought and placed as the name of a man, named Ta'abbat Sharra, so it became a compound formed by?
The student: Attribution.
The Shaykh : Attribution. Is it permissible to truncate it? We say that the author previously stated that it is not permissible, because he said:
"Without addition or attribution, complete"
But here there is a contradiction, and he said: "And the truncation of a sentence is rare"
So his previous statement: "Without addition or attribution, complete"
is understood to mean that regarding attribution, the meaning is frequency, frequency, meaning: that the truncation of a compound formed by attribution is not frequent. And compounds with us are of three types: attribution, addition, and blending. Blending?
The student: It is permissible.
The Shaykh : It is permissible and frequently. And addition?
The student: It is not permissible.
The Shaykh : It is not permissible at all. And attribution?
The student: Rarely.
The Shaykh : It is permissible but rarely. And for this reason, he said:
"And the truncation of a sentence is rare"
Okay, how do we truncate Shabab Qarnana?
The student: O Shabab.
The Shaykh : We say O Shabab, we delete Qarnana entirely. Yes, he said:
"And this 'Amr transmitted"
This is a prophet. Let us see who is the best among you to parse this sentence for us, and we start with Ghanim, parse it?
The student: "Dha" is a demonstrative noun.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: A subject (mubtada').
The Shaykh : Yes, it is built on sukun.
The student: Built on sukun in the position of a raised subject.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: 'Amr, 'Amr is a descriptor.
The Shaykh : Strange, a descriptor?!
The student: It is a predicate (khabar).
The Shaykh : A descriptor does not come after a demonstrative noun unless it is in the position of "al".
The student: It is a predicate (khabar).
Another student: An apposition.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: A second subject.
The Shaykh : A second subject?
The student: Shaykh, a second subject.
The Shaykh : A second subject?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Fine, 'Amr is a second subject. Come on, what about the waw? What do you have for 'Amr regarding the waw?
The student: 'Amr, the waw is a sign.
The Shaykh : A letter of conjunction?
The student: 'Amr?
The Shaykh : You have a waw.
The student: But the waw is for 'Amr.
The Shaykh : It is not a letter of conjunction?
The student: No.
The Shaykh : Fine, correct.
The student: "Naqala" is the predicate.
The Shaykh : It is not "qufi", it is "naqala".
The student: I mean "naqala", the predicate of the second subject.
The Shaykh : Wrong, it is not correct.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Huh? ...
The student: "Naqala" is a past verb and the doer is a hidden pronoun.
The Shaykh : And the sentence?
The student: The predicate of the subject.
The Shaykh : The predicate of the subject. Fine. Who is 'Amr? Sibawayhi is the imam of the people of Basra in grammar. 'Amr transmitted, meaning he transmitted from the Arabs. The imams of grammar did not come to their leadership like this without effort; they used to exert themselves and go out to the deserts and receive from the Bedouins who had not entered the cities and whose tongues had not changed, so they would transmit speech from them. Among the things Sibawayhi transmitted is that they, the Arabs, truncate compounds formed by attribution. And the fact that he says about Ibn Malik:
"And this 'Amr transmitted"
and brings this to strengthen his statement, is evidence that the truncation of a compound formed by attribution is very rare, and it is so. The summary of the research from here and from what preceded is that from the truncated word, one letter is deleted, and then what?
The student: And two letters.
The Shaykh : And two letters.
The student: And the 'ajuz.
The Shaykh : And the 'ajuz, and the 'ajuz absolutely. This is regarding what is deleted. Second, regarding the compound, we said the compound is of three sections: a compound formed by addition, a compound formed by attribution, and a compound formed by blending. A compound formed by addition?
The student: It is not permissible to use a diminutive form.
The Shaykh : It is not truncated. Formed by attribution?
The student: Rarely.
The Shaykh : It is truncated rarely. Formed by blending?
The student: Frequently.
The Shaykh : It is truncated frequently.
"And the 'ajuz, delete from a compound"
This is more emphatic than deleting two letters. Look, truncation is the deletion of one letter, then it comes to the deletion of two letters, then it comes to the deletion of the entire 'ajuz.
"And the 'ajuz, delete from a compound"
Is Ma'd Karb a compound formed by blending or not?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Okay, we deleted Karb, how much was deleted?
The student: Inability.
The Shaykh : But from how many letters?
The student: Three.
The Shaykh : Three letters, even if it were assumed to be a compound of more than three letters, the whole thing is deleted, the entire 'ajuz. Hadramawt is three letters, a compound formed by blending. Baalbek, how many?
The student: Two.
The Shaykh : No, three letters, because the kaf is doubled, so it is three letters. The important point is that the compound has its entire 'ajuz deleted. Does the additional compound fall under this statement?
The student: It is not included.
The Shaykh : It does not fall under it.
The student: According to the statement.
The Shaykh : Because it was mentioned before us: "Without addition or attribution, complete"
And for this reason, he said regarding attribution: "And the truncation of a sentence is rare"
"The truncation of a sentence is rare" means: if it is not compounded as a sentence, then its truncation is rare. Among its examples is Ta'abbat Sharra. Is Ta'abbat Sharra a compound formed by attribution or not?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Because Ta'abbat is a past verb, the doer is hidden, and Sharra is the object, this entire sentence was brought and placed as the name of a man, named Ta'abbat Sharra, so it became a compound formed by?
The student: Attribution.
The Shaykh : Attribution. Is it permissible to truncate it? We say that the author previously stated that it is not permissible, because he said:
"Without addition or attribution, complete"
But here there is a contradiction, and he said: "And the truncation of a sentence is rare"
So his previous statement: "Without addition or attribution, complete"
is understood to mean that regarding attribution, the meaning is frequency, frequency, meaning: that the truncation of a compound formed by attribution is not frequent. And compounds with us are of three types: attribution, addition, and blending. Blending?
The student: It is permissible.
The Shaykh : It is permissible and frequently. And addition?
The student: It is not permissible.
The Shaykh : It is not permissible at all. And attribution?
The student: Rarely.
The Shaykh : It is permissible but rarely. And for this reason, he said:
"And the truncation of a sentence is rare"
Okay, how do we truncate Shabab Qarnana?
The student: O Shabab.
The Shaykh : We say O Shabab, we delete Qarnana entirely. Yes, he said:
"And this 'Amr transmitted"
This is a prophet. Let us see who is the best among you to parse this sentence for us, and we start with Ghanim, parse it?
The student: "Dha" is a demonstrative noun.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: A subject (mubtada').
The Shaykh : Yes, it is built on sukun.
The student: Built on sukun in the position of a raised subject.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: 'Amr, 'Amr is a descriptor.
The Shaykh : Strange, a descriptor?!
The student: It is a predicate (khabar).
The Shaykh : A descriptor does not come after a demonstrative noun unless it is in the position of "al".
The student: It is a predicate (khabar).
Another student: An apposition.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: A second subject.
The Shaykh : A second subject?
The student: Shaykh, a second subject.
The Shaykh : A second subject?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Fine, 'Amr is a second subject. Come on, what about the waw? What do you have for 'Amr regarding the waw?
The student: 'Amr, the waw is a sign.
The Shaykh : A letter of conjunction?
The student: 'Amr?
The Shaykh : You have a waw.
The student: But the waw is for 'Amr.
The Shaykh : It is not a letter of conjunction?
The student: No.
The Shaykh : Fine, correct.
The student: "Naqala" is the predicate.
The Shaykh : It is not "qufi", it is "naqala".
The student: I mean "naqala", the predicate of the second subject.
The Shaykh : Wrong, it is not correct.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Huh? ...
The student: "Naqala" is a past verb and the doer is a hidden pronoun.
The Shaykh : And the sentence?
The student: The predicate of the subject.
The Shaykh : The predicate of the subject. Fine. Who is 'Amr? Sibawayhi is the imam of the people of Basra in grammar. 'Amr transmitted, meaning he transmitted from the Arabs. The imams of grammar did not come to their leadership like this without effort; they used to exert themselves and go out to the deserts and receive from the Bedouins who had not entered the cities and whose tongues had not changed, so they would transmit speech from them. Among the things Sibawayhi transmitted is that they, the Arabs, truncate compounds formed by attribution. And the fact that he says about Ibn Malik:
"And this 'Amr transmitted"
and brings this to strengthen his statement, is evidence that the truncation of a compound formed by attribution is very rare, and it is so. The summary of the research from here and from what preceded is that from the truncated word, one letter is deleted, and then what?
The student: And two letters.
The Shaykh : And two letters.
The student: And the 'ajuz.
The Shaykh : And the 'ajuz, and the 'ajuz absolutely. This is regarding what is deleted. Second, regarding the compound, we said the compound is of three sections: a compound formed by addition, a compound formed by attribution, and a compound formed by blending. A compound formed by addition?
The student: It is not permissible to use a diminutive form.
The Shaykh : It is not truncated. Formed by attribution?
The student: Rarely.
The Shaykh : It is truncated rarely. Formed by blending?
The student: Frequently.
The Shaykh : It is truncated frequently.