Explanation of the saying of Ibn Malik (may Allah have mercy on him): "And whoever shortens a word to make it diminutive, he is content *** with the root, like al-'Utaif, meaning al-Mi'taf."
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The Shaykh : He said:
"And whoever shortens a word to make it diminutive, he is content *** with the root, like al-'Utaif, meaning al-Mi'taf"
Shortening (tarakhim) has passed us by in the vocative, where one of the letters of the called one is deleted. This is shortening via the diminutive. How is shortening done in the diminutive? Delete the extra letters and make it diminutive based on the root. Delete the extra letters and make it diminutive based on the root. For example: mi'taf (coat). If we want to make mi'taf (coat) a full diminutive without shortening?
The student: Mu'aytaf.
The Shaykh : We say: Mu'aytaf. On what pattern?
The student: Fu'ay'il.
The Shaykh : Yes, Fu'ay'il. But if we want to make it a diminutive via shortening, we say: delete the extra letters. Mi'taf is derived from 'atf (to fold), so the mim?
The student: It is extra.
The Shaykh : Is extra. Make it diminutive?
The student: 'Utaif.
The Shaykh : You say: 'Utaif, because shortening diminutive means deleting the extra letters. Yes, so for mi'taf? 'Utaif. Good, and for qaim (standing)?
The student: Quwaym.
The Shaykh : Yes? "The appearance does not straighten out." Miftah (key). We say based on the root, yes? Mufaytih. And we say for shortening?
The student: Fatah.
The Shaykh : Futayh. Futayh, or not?
The student: Yes, yes.
The Shaykh : The mim is extra. Miftah (key) is from fath (opening), or not? Good, masjid (mosque)?
The student: Musayjid.
The Shaykh : This is based on the root. And based on shortening?
The student: Sujud.
The Shaykh : Sujud, or not?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Good, minxal (sieve)?
The student: Minaykhil.
The Shaykh : Minaykhil based on the root. And based on shortening?
The student: Nukhayl.
The Shaykh : Nukhayl, or not?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Good, maghzal (spindle)?
The student: Maghayzal.
The Shaykh : Based on the root, Mughayzal... and based on the root?
The student: ...
The Shaykh : We say, we say Ghuzayl. Good, and ghazal (goat)? Based on the root?
The student: Ghuzayyil.
The Shaykh : Ghuzayyil, or not? And based on shortening?
The student: Ghuzayl.
The Shaykh : Ghuzayl. The important thing is that we now have shortening diminutive, and diminutive based on the root. Based on the root, according to the previous rules. And based on shortening, delete?
The student: The extra letters.
The Shaykh : The extra letters. Mukrim (honoring)?
The student: Mukayyim.
The Shaykh : Mukayyim based on the root. And based on shortening?
The student: Kuraym.
The Shaykh : Kuraym. The mim is extra. Yes. If someone says that words become ambiguous, this one is confused with that one, the answer is that the context specifies the intended meaning, and at that point the difficulty is resolved. Yes.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : What is the need, since we have collected them on the singular, the plural is on the singular.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : We return them to their roots. But even these, if we return them to their roots, as I said, we can say qimah (value): Qim. In the root it is Qum. And when the letter before it was broken, it had to be turned into a ya. We can say this, yes?
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: ...
"And whoever shortens a word to make it diminutive, he is content *** with the root, like al-'Utaif, meaning al-Mi'taf"
Shortening (tarakhim) has passed us by in the vocative, where one of the letters of the called one is deleted. This is shortening via the diminutive. How is shortening done in the diminutive? Delete the extra letters and make it diminutive based on the root. Delete the extra letters and make it diminutive based on the root. For example: mi'taf (coat). If we want to make mi'taf (coat) a full diminutive without shortening?
The student: Mu'aytaf.
The Shaykh : We say: Mu'aytaf. On what pattern?
The student: Fu'ay'il.
The Shaykh : Yes, Fu'ay'il. But if we want to make it a diminutive via shortening, we say: delete the extra letters. Mi'taf is derived from 'atf (to fold), so the mim?
The student: It is extra.
The Shaykh : Is extra. Make it diminutive?
The student: 'Utaif.
The Shaykh : You say: 'Utaif, because shortening diminutive means deleting the extra letters. Yes, so for mi'taf? 'Utaif. Good, and for qaim (standing)?
The student: Quwaym.
The Shaykh : Yes? "The appearance does not straighten out." Miftah (key). We say based on the root, yes? Mufaytih. And we say for shortening?
The student: Fatah.
The Shaykh : Futayh. Futayh, or not?
The student: Yes, yes.
The Shaykh : The mim is extra. Miftah (key) is from fath (opening), or not? Good, masjid (mosque)?
The student: Musayjid.
The Shaykh : This is based on the root. And based on shortening?
The student: Sujud.
The Shaykh : Sujud, or not?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Good, minxal (sieve)?
The student: Minaykhil.
The Shaykh : Minaykhil based on the root. And based on shortening?
The student: Nukhayl.
The Shaykh : Nukhayl, or not?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Good, maghzal (spindle)?
The student: Maghayzal.
The Shaykh : Based on the root, Mughayzal... and based on the root?
The student: ...
The Shaykh : We say, we say Ghuzayl. Good, and ghazal (goat)? Based on the root?
The student: Ghuzayyil.
The Shaykh : Ghuzayyil, or not? And based on shortening?
The student: Ghuzayl.
The Shaykh : Ghuzayl. The important thing is that we now have shortening diminutive, and diminutive based on the root. Based on the root, according to the previous rules. And based on shortening, delete?
The student: The extra letters.
The Shaykh : The extra letters. Mukrim (honoring)?
The student: Mukayyim.
The Shaykh : Mukayyim based on the root. And based on shortening?
The student: Kuraym.
The Shaykh : Kuraym. The mim is extra. Yes. If someone says that words become ambiguous, this one is confused with that one, the answer is that the context specifies the intended meaning, and at that point the difficulty is resolved. Yes.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : What is the need, since we have collected them on the singular, the plural is on the singular.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : We return them to their roots. But even these, if we return them to their roots, as I said, we can say qimah (value): Qim. In the root it is Qum. And when the letter before it was broken, it had to be turned into a ya. We can say this, yes?
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: ...