Explanation of the words of Ibn Malik (may Allah have mercy on him): "And complete the deficient in diminution what *** does not contain, other than the taa, as a third, just as."
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The Shaykh : He says:
"And complete the deficient in diminution what *** does not contain, other than the taa, as a third, just as"
"Complete the deficient": The intended meaning of "deficient" here is that its letters have been reduced from its original form; its letters have been reduced from its original form. It is not intended to mean what is weak in its final letter, as we have passed over previously. The intended meaning of "deficient" is that its letters have been reduced from its original form, so it is to be completed. However, the author made an exception:
"what *** does not contain, other than the taa, as a third"
If it contains something other than the taa as the third letter, then it is not completed. That is to say: if its third letter is other than the taa, then it is not completed. If it is on two letters or on three letters, the third of which is the taa, then it must be completed in order for the form of diminution to be complete. That is to say, the form of diminution is either on the pattern of fu'ay'il or on?
The student: fu'ayyil.
The Shaykh : Fu'ayyil. So it is necessary to complete this form. And what is on only two letters, the form cannot be completed with it unless the letter that was reduced is brought to it. And his saying:
"what *** does not contain, other than the taa, as a third"
If it contains something other than the taa as the third letter, then it is not completed, but it remains as it is, because the form of diminution can be formed from it. And his saying: "just as" — the intended meaning of "ma" is that it can be a negative particle, it can be a relative pronoun, it can be a conditional particle if we name something with it. No, if it remains as it is, it is a particle of negation or a particle of condition or something similar. That is to say, like naming something with "ma." A person was born a child, and he named him after the name "ma" (nothing). They said, "We have a new name for you, what is it?" The negative "ma," so you say: "Ma bin 'Abd Allah," "Ma bin Muhammad." Yes, like now they are turning strange names, as you see, they are turning names for women and names for men from these strange ones. If we want to diminish "ma," what do we say here?
The student: Muway.
The Shaykh : Muway, because it is necessary, because the original of Muway is: Muwayy. How many letters is that?
The student: One letter.
The Shaykh : No, the mīm, the wāw, and the shaddah yā, how many is that?
The student: Four, four.
The Shaykh : Four letters on the pattern of fu'ayl, and with this the form of diminution became correct.
The student: ... shares ma
The Shaykh : It is with us "ma" only, because now we must return it to its original and complete it. Okay, we have for example "yad" (hand), is there a deficiency in "yad"?
The student: There is a deficiency.
The Shaykh : What is its original? Here? Its original is "yadun," we must bring the deleted letter, so we say in it "yudayyah." Okay, is there a deficiency in "'iddah" (waiting period)?
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Yes, there is a deficiency, because the original? "Wa'd" (promise), so there is a deficiency of the wāw. When we conjugate it, we must bring?
The student: With a waw.
The Shaykh : The wāw. If someone asks, "Is not 'iddah on three letters?" We say, yes, it is on three letters and it can be diminished on the pattern of fu'ayl, but the third letter of it is a taa, and the author says:
"what *** does not contain, other than the taa, as a third, just as"
And on this basis, we say in "'iddah," what do we say? We must bring the wāw, so we say in it: "wu'aydah," because the form of diminution cannot be completed unless we bring this deficient letter, so we say: "wu'aydah." Then he said:
"And he who is diminished by truncation is satisfied *** with the original"
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Yes? It will come in the explanation; we will read the explanation now or in the next lesson.
"And complete the deficient in diminution what *** does not contain, other than the taa, as a third, just as"
"Complete the deficient": The intended meaning of "deficient" here is that its letters have been reduced from its original form; its letters have been reduced from its original form. It is not intended to mean what is weak in its final letter, as we have passed over previously. The intended meaning of "deficient" is that its letters have been reduced from its original form, so it is to be completed. However, the author made an exception:
"what *** does not contain, other than the taa, as a third"
If it contains something other than the taa as the third letter, then it is not completed. That is to say: if its third letter is other than the taa, then it is not completed. If it is on two letters or on three letters, the third of which is the taa, then it must be completed in order for the form of diminution to be complete. That is to say, the form of diminution is either on the pattern of fu'ay'il or on?
The student: fu'ayyil.
The Shaykh : Fu'ayyil. So it is necessary to complete this form. And what is on only two letters, the form cannot be completed with it unless the letter that was reduced is brought to it. And his saying:
"what *** does not contain, other than the taa, as a third"
If it contains something other than the taa as the third letter, then it is not completed, but it remains as it is, because the form of diminution can be formed from it. And his saying: "just as" — the intended meaning of "ma" is that it can be a negative particle, it can be a relative pronoun, it can be a conditional particle if we name something with it. No, if it remains as it is, it is a particle of negation or a particle of condition or something similar. That is to say, like naming something with "ma." A person was born a child, and he named him after the name "ma" (nothing). They said, "We have a new name for you, what is it?" The negative "ma," so you say: "Ma bin 'Abd Allah," "Ma bin Muhammad." Yes, like now they are turning strange names, as you see, they are turning names for women and names for men from these strange ones. If we want to diminish "ma," what do we say here?
The student: Muway.
The Shaykh : Muway, because it is necessary, because the original of Muway is: Muwayy. How many letters is that?
The student: One letter.
The Shaykh : No, the mīm, the wāw, and the shaddah yā, how many is that?
The student: Four, four.
The Shaykh : Four letters on the pattern of fu'ayl, and with this the form of diminution became correct.
The student: ... shares ma
The Shaykh : It is with us "ma" only, because now we must return it to its original and complete it. Okay, we have for example "yad" (hand), is there a deficiency in "yad"?
The student: There is a deficiency.
The Shaykh : What is its original? Here? Its original is "yadun," we must bring the deleted letter, so we say in it "yudayyah." Okay, is there a deficiency in "'iddah" (waiting period)?
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Yes, there is a deficiency, because the original? "Wa'd" (promise), so there is a deficiency of the wāw. When we conjugate it, we must bring?
The student: With a waw.
The Shaykh : The wāw. If someone asks, "Is not 'iddah on three letters?" We say, yes, it is on three letters and it can be diminished on the pattern of fu'ayl, but the third letter of it is a taa, and the author says:
"what *** does not contain, other than the taa, as a third, just as"
And on this basis, we say in "'iddah," what do we say? We must bring the wāw, so we say in it: "wu'aydah," because the form of diminution cannot be completed unless we bring this deficient letter, so we say: "wu'aydah." Then he said:
"And he who is diminished by truncation is satisfied *** with the original"
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Yes? It will come in the explanation; we will read the explanation now or in the next lesson.