Al-Qabaili and Al-Khudayri
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
Q: What is the meaning of their saying "Qabaili" and "Khudayri"?
A: This is a minor issue, and it is well known among people.
Al-Qabaili is one who belongs to a known tribe, such as Qahtani, Sabi'i, Tamimi, Qurayshi, Hashimi, or the like. This is called Qabaili because he belongs to a tribe. It is said "Qabali" according to the rule, just as one might say "Hanafi" or "Rab'i" or the like, indicating affiliation with the tribe to which he belongs.
Al-Khudayri, in the custom of people, specifically in Najd—and I do not know it except in Najd—is one who does not have a known tribe to which he belongs. That is, he is not known to be Qahtani, Tamimi, or Qurayshi, but he is an Arab, his language is Arabic, he is from the Arabs, and he lived among them, even if his group is known.
Al-Mawla, in the custom of the Arabs, is one whose origin was a slave who was then freed.
Al-'Ajam are those who do not claim descent from the Arabs. It is said "Ajam" for them; they are of non-Arab origin and not of Arab origin. These people are called Ajam.
The ruling in the religion of Allah is that none of them has any superiority over another except by taqwa (mindfulness of Allah), whether he is called Qabaili, Khudayri, Mawla, or Ajami. They are all on the same level; there is no superiority of one over another except by taqwa. As the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said:, and as Allah (Glorified and Exalted is He) said: : [Al-Hujurat: 13]. However, it was the custom of the Arabs in the past to marry their daughters to tribes they knew, and some would refrain from marrying someone who was not from a tribe they knew. This practice remains among people. Some may be lenient and marry a Khudayri, a Mawla, or an Ajami, as occurred during the time of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). Indeed, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) married Usamah ibn Zayd ibn Harithah (may Allah be pleased with him) , who was his freed slave, to Utiqah, the wife of Fatimah bint Qays (may Allah be pleased with her), who was Qurayshi. Similarly, Abu Hudhayfah ibn 'Utbah ibn Rabi'ah, who was from Quraysh, married his freed slave Salim to his sister's daughter, al-Walid ibn 'Utbah's daughter, and did not mind that he was a freed slave.
This occurred among the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) and many after them. However, people after that, especially in Najd and in some other places, may refrain from this and be strict about it according to what they inherited from their fathers and predecessors. Some may fear harm from some of their tribe if they say to them: "Why did you marry so-and-so?" This may lead to neglecting our tribe, mixing of lineages, and loss of genealogy, among other things. They may offer some excuses that have some validity in certain cases, and this does no harm. The matter is easy.
The important thing is to choose someone suitable for marriage in terms of their religion and character. If this is achieved, then that is what is required, whether he is Arab, Ajami, Mawla, Khudayri, or otherwise. This is the foundation. And if some people prefer not to marry except from their own tribe, we do not know of any blame in that. And success is from Allah.
A: This is a minor issue, and it is well known among people.
Al-Qabaili is one who belongs to a known tribe, such as Qahtani, Sabi'i, Tamimi, Qurayshi, Hashimi, or the like. This is called Qabaili because he belongs to a tribe. It is said "Qabali" according to the rule, just as one might say "Hanafi" or "Rab'i" or the like, indicating affiliation with the tribe to which he belongs.
Al-Khudayri, in the custom of people, specifically in Najd—and I do not know it except in Najd—is one who does not have a known tribe to which he belongs. That is, he is not known to be Qahtani, Tamimi, or Qurayshi, but he is an Arab, his language is Arabic, he is from the Arabs, and he lived among them, even if his group is known.
Al-Mawla, in the custom of the Arabs, is one whose origin was a slave who was then freed.
Al-'Ajam are those who do not claim descent from the Arabs. It is said "Ajam" for them; they are of non-Arab origin and not of Arab origin. These people are called Ajam.
The ruling in the religion of Allah is that none of them has any superiority over another except by taqwa (mindfulness of Allah), whether he is called Qabaili, Khudayri, Mawla, or Ajami. They are all on the same level; there is no superiority of one over another except by taqwa. As the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said:
There is no superiority of an Arab over a non-Arab, nor of a non-Arab over an Arab, except by taqwa, and there is no superiority of a red person over a black person, nor of a black person over a red person, except by taqwa.
لا فضل لعربي على عجمي ولا عجمي على عربي إلا بالتقوى، ولا فضل لأحمر على أسود ولا أسود على أحمر إلا بالتقوىO mankind, indeed We have created you from male and female and made you peoples and tribes that you may know one another. Indeed, the most noble of you in the sight of Allah is the most righteous of you
يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّا خَلَقْنَاكُمْ مِنْ ذَكَرٍ وَأُنْثَى َوجَعَلْنَاكُمْ شُعُوبًا وَقَبَائِلَ لِتَعَارَفُوا إِنَّ أَكْرَمَكُمْ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ أَتْقَاكُمْThis occurred among the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) and many after them. However, people after that, especially in Najd and in some other places, may refrain from this and be strict about it according to what they inherited from their fathers and predecessors. Some may fear harm from some of their tribe if they say to them: "Why did you marry so-and-so?" This may lead to neglecting our tribe, mixing of lineages, and loss of genealogy, among other things. They may offer some excuses that have some validity in certain cases, and this does no harm. The matter is easy.
The important thing is to choose someone suitable for marriage in terms of their religion and character. If this is achieved, then that is what is required, whether he is Arab, Ajami, Mawla, Khudayri, or otherwise. This is the foundation. And if some people prefer not to marry except from their own tribe, we do not know of any blame in that. And success is from Allah.
Source
binbaz.org.sa
The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.