The duration of a man's absence from his family
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The second question in the letter of our brother Fadhil Muhammad Ahmad al-Sudani says: What is the time permitted by the Shari'ah for being away from one's wife? Please inform us, may Allah reward you.
Answer: There is no specific limit set by the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) regarding this. Rather, it is narrated from 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) that he set it at six months for soldiers, and this was from his independent legal reasoning (may Allah be pleased with him) when he consulted his daughter Hafsa about it. If it is easy for the traveler to limit his absence to this period—six months—that is good. And if he returns to his family in less than that, that is better and safer; because this is the age of absence and there are many dangers in it, unlike the age of the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) . Our current age has much display of adornment by women, women exposing themselves, many deviant young men, and bad company. Therefore, what the believer should do is not to prolong his travel, but to return to her from time to time, at a short interval such as two or three months or less, if he is able to do so. If it is difficult due to the length of the journey and the distance, there is no blame on him, if Allah wills, even if it is more than six months, if necessity calls for it, such as studying medicine or engineering in distant lands, or studying Islamic knowledge, or the like. He should strive to shorten the time as much as he can; because this is closer to safety. And Allah is the One to be asked for help. Yes.
Answer: There is no specific limit set by the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) regarding this. Rather, it is narrated from 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) that he set it at six months for soldiers, and this was from his independent legal reasoning (may Allah be pleased with him) when he consulted his daughter Hafsa about it. If it is easy for the traveler to limit his absence to this period—six months—that is good. And if he returns to his family in less than that, that is better and safer; because this is the age of absence and there are many dangers in it, unlike the age of the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) . Our current age has much display of adornment by women, women exposing themselves, many deviant young men, and bad company. Therefore, what the believer should do is not to prolong his travel, but to return to her from time to time, at a short interval such as two or three months or less, if he is able to do so. If it is difficult due to the length of the journey and the distance, there is no blame on him, if Allah wills, even if it is more than six months, if necessity calls for it, such as studying medicine or engineering in distant lands, or studying Islamic knowledge, or the like. He should strive to shorten the time as much as he can; because this is closer to safety. And Allah is the One to be asked for help. Yes.
Source
binbaz.org.sa
The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.
