The Ruling on Borrowing with an Increase and Trading in the Stock Market

Question:
There are two types of buying and selling that people today doubt regarding their validity. We ask you to clarify the ruling on them. May Allah reward you with the best reward. First: what is currently happening in the Jufra market in Riyadh, which is not hidden from anyone, regarding borrowing with an increase. Second: modern trading in international stock exchanges, especially since many people have been trading in them these days through international banks recently opened in the Kingdom.

Answer:
As for a loan with an increase, this is not permissible. It is when one says: "Give me five, and I will give you six or seven," or "Lend me a thousand, and I will give you a thousand and twenty," or "a thousand and thirty," or "a thousand and forty," as banks and non-banks do. This is reprehensible, and this is forbidden riba without doubt, because he borrows money with an increase, even if it is small. This is not permissible.
There is a stratagem and a lawful method—praise be to Allah—that suffices him from this. If he is in dire necessity, he buys a commodity for a deferred period, and sells it according to his choice. He buys the commodity from Zayd or 'Amr the merchant, takes possession of it, and holds it, then he disposes of it at his leisure. He sells it for a deferred period in cash, and he fulfills his need.
Some people also err in this. He buys from a person who does not have the commodity, buys from him, then goes and buys it from the second person. No, do not buy a commodity unless it is owned by the one who sold it, and he has taken possession of it in his shop or in his house, then he sells it to you. Then, when you buy it, you also take possession of it and transfer it to your house or to the market, then you sell it afterwards to whom Allah makes easy, and you fulfill your need. And the increase that is upon you for the deferred period, Allah (Exalted and Majestic is He) will make it easy. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: .
And whoever borrows for the purpose of a need for marriage, or to pay off a debt, or to spend on his dependents, Allah will settle it for him if his intention is good. Allah will settle it for him and repay him. And Allah has permitted borrowing for a deferred period, so there is no harm in borrowing from a person who has money in his possession. You buy the money from him in his possession, then you transfer it and take possession of it, then you sell at your leisure. You sell the money once, or in parts, and you fulfill your needs. As for borrowing from the bank or other than the bank with riba, a thousand for a thousand and five hundred, a hundred thousand for a hundred thousand and five thousand increase, all of this is riba and is not permissible, even if it is a hundred for a hundred and fifty riyals. The increase is not permissible, it is not valid.
As for the stock exchange, it has reached us that it is a sale in the air, a sale with no taking of possession and nothing in it. It is reprehensible and forbidden. They trade through writings, and sell by all types of writings, from telegram, from letter, and from other than that, for money they have not taken possession of. This one sells, and this one sells, and it is with its owners. This is reprehensible, and these are invalid sales, they are not valid. But the love of money, and the abundance of money among people, they did not find a place for it except this transaction. We ask Allah for safety!