Explanation of the cases in which a person is excused from prayer
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Q454: The questioner asks: What are the cases in which a person is completely excused from performing the prayer?
A454: No one is excused from performing the prayer entirely as long as his mind is sound, because he prays according to his condition. The sick person prays according to his condition: he prays standing, and if he cannot, then sitting, and if he cannot, then on his side. No one is excused from prayer if he has reached puberty and is of sound mind. However, if he is a minor who has not reached puberty, or if he is insane, or if his mind is completely gone, then the obligation is lifted from him, based on the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him):Sunan Abi Dawud 4403Sahih (Al-Albani) The conclusion is that prayer is not dropped from the adult of sound mind as long as his mind is sound, but he prays according to his condition. So we can say: except in two cases, the case of being a minor, and the other case is the loss of mind. This is excluding, of course, the case of women, namely the menstruating woman and the woman with post-natal bleeding; for these, prayer is dropped only for the duration of the menstruation.
A454: No one is excused from performing the prayer entirely as long as his mind is sound, because he prays according to his condition. The sick person prays according to his condition: he prays standing, and if he cannot, then sitting, and if he cannot, then on his side. No one is excused from prayer if he has reached puberty and is of sound mind. However, if he is a minor who has not reached puberty, or if he is insane, or if his mind is completely gone, then the obligation is lifted from him, based on the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him):
There are three (persons) whose actions are not recorded: a sleeper till he awakes, a boy till he reaches puberty, and a lunatic till he comes to reason.
رفع القلم عن ثلاثة، عن النائم حتى يستيقظ، وعن الصبي حتى يحتلم، وعن المجنون حتى يعقل
Source
www.alifta.gov.sa
The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.