The newborn is born upon the fitrah (the innate natural disposition)
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Fatwa number ( 6334 ):
Q: It is that the noble hadith says:Sahih al-Bukhari 1385 the hadith, and another hadith says: Jami` at-Tirmidhi 2137Sahih (Darussalam) I want the details and clarification, and what is the difference between the two hadiths?
A: First: The hadithMusannaf Abd al-Razzaq 13:108 was narrated by al-Bayhaqi
and al-Tabarani in [al-Mu'jam al-Kabir], and Imam Muslim transmitted it with the wording:Sahih al-Bukhari 1385 , and Imam al-Bukhari transmitted it with the wording: Sahih al-Bukhari 1385 . This means that a person is created with the potential for Islam, but he must learn it in practice. So, if Allah decrees that he is among the people of happiness, Allah prepares for him someone to teach him the path of guidance, so he becomes prepared in practice. And if Allah abandons him and makes him wretched, He causes for him someone to change his fitrah (the innate natural disposition) and weaken his resolve, as mentioned regarding the parents turning their son to Judaism, Christianity, or Zoroastrianism. Second : In the two Sahihs, it is narrated from 'Abdullah ibn Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), the truthful and veracious one, told us: Mishkat al-Masabih 82Muttafaqun 'alayh (Zubair `Aliza'i) .
And the meaning of the writing of wretchedness and happiness is that it is an eternal writing, considering what preceded in the knowledge of Allah, and that the endings will be according to what preceded in the knowledge of Allah. Third: By reflecting on the meaning of the first hadith and the second hadith with regard to the place of the question, it becomes clear that there is no contradiction between them. Indeed, a person is created with the potential for good. If he is among the people of happiness in the knowledge of Allah and the ending is calculated, Allah prepares for him someone to guide him to the path of good. And if he is among the people of wretchedness in the knowledge of Allah, He causes for him someone to divert him from the path of good, accompany him on the path of evil, urge him to it, and stay with him until he is sealed with a bad ending. The texts have multiplied in mentioning the prior book of happiness and wretchedness. So, in the two Sahihs, it is narrated from 'Ali (may Allah be pleased with him), from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) that he said: , and in this hadith, happiness and wretchedness have been preceded by the book, and that it is decreed
according to deeds, and that each one is facilitated for what he was created for, of the deeds that are the cause of happiness and wretchedness. And success is from Allah. And may Allah send prayers and blessings upon our Prophet Muhammad, his family, and his Companions.
Q: It is that the noble hadith says:
Narrated Abu Huraira: The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Every child is born with a true faith of Islam (i.e. to worship none but Allah Alone) and his parents convert him to Judaism or Christianity or Magianism, as an animal delivers a perfect baby animal. Do you find it mutilated?"
كل مولود يولد على الفطرة، فأبواه يهوِّدانه أو يمجِّسانه أو ينصِّرانه'Abdullah bin Mas'ud said: The Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) narrated to us - and he is the truthful and entrusted one: 'Indeed the creation of one of you is gathered inside his mother in forty days. Then, for a similar period, he is a clot. Then, for a similar period, he is a piece of flesh. Then Allah sends the angel to him to blow the soul into him, and he is ordered to write four (things): To write his provision, his life-span, his works, and whether he will be wretched or happy. By the One besides Whom there is none other worthy of worship! One of you will do deeds of the people of Paradise, until there is between him and it but a forearm span, then he is overcome by what is written for him, and he is sealed off with the deeds of the people of the Fire, so that he enters it. And indeed one of you will do deeds of the people of the Fire, until there is between him and it but a forearm span, then he is overcome by what is written for him, and he is sealed off with the deeds of the people of Paradise, so that he enters it.'" Another chain reports a similar narration.
يكتب رزقه وعمله وشقي أو سعيدA: First: The hadith
Every newborn is born upon the fitrah (the innate natural disposition) until his tongue expresses it, so his parents make him a Jew, or a Christian, or a Zoroastrian
كل مولود يولد على الفطرة حتى يعرب عنه لسانه فأبواه يهودانه أو ينصرانه أو يمجسانهand al-Tabarani in [al-Mu'jam al-Kabir], and Imam Muslim transmitted it with the wording:
Every child is born with a true faith of Islam (i.e. to worship none but Allah Alone) and his parents convert him to Judaism or Christianity or Magianism
كل إنسان تلده أمه على الفطرة، فأبواه يهودانه أو ينصرانه أو يمجسانهEvery child is born with a true faith of Islam (i.e. to worship none but Allah Alone) and his parents convert him to Judaism or Christianity or Magianism, as an animal delivers a perfect baby animal. Do you find it mutilated?
كل مولود يولد على الفطرة، فأبواه يهودانه أو ينصرانه أو يمجسانه، كمثل البهيمة تنتج البهيمة هل ترى فيها من جدعاءThe constituents of one of you are collected for forty days in his mother’s womb in the form of a drop, then they become a piece of congealed blood for a similar period, then they become a lump of flesh for a similar period. Then God sends to him an angel with four words who records his deeds, the period of his life, his provision, and whether he will be miserable or blessed: thereafter He breathes the spirit into him. By Him other than whom there is no god, one of you will do the deeds of those who go to paradise so that there will be only a cubit between him and it, then what is decreed will overcome him so that he will do the deeds of those who go to hell and will enter it; and one of you will do the deeds of those who go to hell so that there will be only a cubit between him and it, then what is decreed will overcome him so that he will do the deeds of those who go to paradise and will enter it.
إن أحدكم يجمع خلقه في بطن أمه أربعين يومًا نطفة، ثم يكون علقة مثل ذلك، ثم يكون مضغة مثل ذلك، ثم يرسل إليه الملك فينفخ فيه الروح، ويؤمر بأربع كلمات: يكتب رزقه، وأجله، وعمله، وشقي أم سعيد، فوالله الذي لا إله غيره إن أحدكم ليعمل بعمل أهل الجنة حتى ما يكون بينه وبينها إلاَّ ذراع فيسبق عليه الكتاب فيعمل بعمل أهل النار فيدخلها، وإن أحدكم ليعمل بعمل أهل النار حتى ما يكون بينه وبينها إلاَّ ذراع فيسبق عليه الكتاب فيعمل بعمل أهل الجنة فيدخلهاAnd the meaning of the writing of wretchedness and happiness is that it is an eternal writing, considering what preceded in the knowledge of Allah, and that the endings will be according to what preceded in the knowledge of Allah. Third: By reflecting on the meaning of the first hadith and the second hadith with regard to the place of the question, it becomes clear that there is no contradiction between them. Indeed, a person is created with the potential for good. If he is among the people of happiness in the knowledge of Allah and the ending is calculated, Allah prepares for him someone to guide him to the path of good. And if he is among the people of wretchedness in the knowledge of Allah, He causes for him someone to divert him from the path of good, accompany him on the path of evil, urge him to it, and stay with him until he is sealed with a bad ending. The texts have multiplied in mentioning the prior book of happiness and wretchedness. So, in the two Sahihs, it is narrated from 'Ali (may Allah be pleased with him), from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) that he said:
There is no soul except that Allah has written its place in Paradise or the Fire, and except that it has been written as wretched or happy. So a man said: O Messenger of Allah, should we not remain upon our book and leave off the deeds? He said: Work, for each one is facilitated for what he was created for. As for the people of happiness, they are facilitated for the deeds of the people of happiness. And as for the people of wretchedness, they are facilitated for the deeds of the people of wretchedness. Then he recited: "But as for he who gives and fears Allah (5) and believes in the best, the two verses"
ما من نفس منفوسة إلاَّ وقد كتب الله مكانها من الجنة أو النار، وإلاَّ قد كتبت شقية أو سعيدة، فقال رجل: يا رسول الله، أفلا نمكث على كتابنا وندع العمل؟ فقال: اعملوا فكل ميسر لما خلق له، أما أهل السعادة فييسرون لعمل أهل السعادة، وأما أهل الشقاوة فييسرون لعمل أهل الشقاوة، ثم قرأ: فَأَمَّا مَنْ أَعْطَى وَاتَّقَى (5) وَصَدَّقَ بِالْحُسْنَى الآيتينaccording to deeds, and that each one is facilitated for what he was created for, of the deeds that are the cause of happiness and wretchedness. And success is from Allah. And may Allah send prayers and blessings upon our Prophet Muhammad, his family, and his Companions.
Source
www.alifta.gov.sa
The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.