Explanation of the hadith of Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her): (A man asked permission to enter upon the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "What a bad son of a clan")

The Shaykh : Now, I return to our lesson on the hadith of Aisha regarding the man asking permission to enter upon the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). We had clarified that the hadith appears in our book, *Al-Adab al-Mufrad*, with an addition that is not found in *Sahih al-Bukhari* or in the other books. The addition concerns the righteous man, and this has no basis. What is established is that one man asked permission to enter upon the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). He said: , and in another narration: , to the end of the hadith. We promised in the previous lesson to speak about the jurisprudence of the hadith, even if briefly. What I wanted to mention from this hadith is that the apparent meaning of the hadith conflicts with the well-known saying of the Messenger (peace be upon him): . The Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) naturally mentioned this man in a way he disliked because he criticized him by saying: . So it is no surprise that Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) was surprised by this description from the Messenger (peace be upon him) of that man; because she knew, as we have learned from her and the like of her from the Companions, from his saying (peace be upon him): . So she heard the Messenger (peace be upon him) mention the one asking permission in a way he disliked. Therefore, as soon as the man left the presence of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) turned to him to clarify the contradictory situation that appeared to her, because when a man asked permission, he (peace be upon him) described him as evil, saying: . When he entered and the Messenger (peace be upon him) greeted him, he smiled at him and was cheerful. This smiling and cheerfulness do not agree, first of all, with his saying before he entered: . Then, this saying itself does not agree with his saying (peace be upon him): . When Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) asked the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) about his saying: , and about his smiling and cheerfulness with him, he answered by saying (peace and blessings be upon him): . This means that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) is saying that this person’s evil is feared for the weak Muslims; therefore, he (peace and blessings be upon him) saw it as wisdom and policy not to confront him with the criticism he deserved, fearing that he would leave his presence (peace and blessings be upon him) and vent the anger in his heart by taking revenge on the weak Muslims. So he (peace and blessings be upon him) indicated that this man is evil . So it is as if the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) said to Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) at the end: I greeted him with smiling and cheerfulness to cut off his evil from our Muslim brothers. So, mentioning a man sometimes behind his back with what is not in him, to reveal his reality and warn people of him, is permissible by the Shari'ah, and it is not the forbidden backbiting. I have mentioned this more than once on many occasions. But this hadith is also one of these suitable and good occasions where we hear the Messenger (peace be upon him) backbite this person by saying: . Then, when the man enters, he smiles at him and is cheerful. That backbiting was to inform those who were in the gathering, or those who heard the saying of the Messenger like Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her), to inform her that this man is pious and this man’s evil is feared for the people. Therefore, he said: , or . But the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) did not answer him with this; rather, he smiled at him and was cheerful to repel the evil that might come from him, in case the Messenger (peace be upon him) confronted him with the truth he had stated openly before the people or before Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her), which might lead the man to [react to] his (peace be upon him) speech. This is what I wanted to point out at that time from the jurisprudence of the hadith.