The conditions for the invalidation of the fast by the things that break it.

The Shaykh : But we must know that these things that break the fast do not invalidate the fast merely by the fasting person consuming them; rather, there must be conditions. There are three conditions, three conditions:
The first condition: that he consumes these things while remembering. The second condition: that he consumes them while knowing.
The third condition: that he consumes them intentionally, desiring them. How many conditions? The first?
The student: Remembering.

The Shaykh : The second?
The student: Knowing.

The Shaykh : And the third?
The student: Intending.

The Shaykh : Intending. The opposite of remembering is forgetting. So if a person consumes them while forgetting, for example, a man passes by a water cooler and he is thirsty, so he drinks until he is satisfied while forgetting, then he owes nothing. Likewise, if he is ignorant and does not know that this breaks the fast, like a man who performed cupping and thought that cupping does not break the fast, then his fast is valid. A man had intercourse with his wife and kissed her, and he ejaculated. But he thought that only intercourse invalidates the fast, so he owes nothing, because he is what? Ignorant. A man ate the pre-dawn meal, then it became clear that the adhan had been called, meaning the dawn had appeared. And he ate after the appearance of dawn, so what is upon him? Yes? He owes nothing because he is ignorant. A man heard the voice of the mu'adhdhin at the end of the day, so he broke his fast. Then it became clear that the mu'adhdhin was mistaken and had called the adhan before the time. So what is upon the one who broke his fast? He owes nothing, because he is ignorant.
What is the third condition? That he is intentional. If he is not intentional, he owes nothing. Like a man who performs wudu' and rinses his mouth, then the water goes down into his stomach, so he owes nothing. Why? Because he did not intend this. A woman whose husband forced her to have intercourse with her while she was fasting, and she was unable to resist him. So her fast is valid, and she owes nothing. Did you hear, everyone? Why do you not demand evidence from me? Eating and drinking invalidate the fast by the text of the Qur'an. So what is the evidence that a person who is ignorant, or forgetting, or not intentional does not invalidate his fast? You must have evidence, everyone. Listen to the evidence: Allah the Mighty and Majestic said: What did Allah say? He said: . So the Mighty and Majestic does not hold us accountable for error or for forgetting. And He the Exalted said: . And the one who had water enter his stomach unintentionally did not intend with his heart to drink and invalidate the fast. Where are the evidences now? Where are the evidences? From the Qur'an, and that is sufficient as evidence.
As for the Sunnah, listen. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: . This is a text on the subject. . As for ignorance, listen. 'Adi ibn Hatim (may Allah be pleased with him) came, and he was fasting, so he informed the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) that he had placed two ropes under his pillow—and the rope is the cord with which the hand of a camel is tied—one of them black and the other white, and he kept eating—having the pre-dawn meal—eating, while looking at these two ropes. When the black became distinct from the white, he stopped. So did this man eat after the appearance of dawn or not? Glory to Allah! Reflect, O man! Did he eat after the appearance of dawn? Yes, certainly, because the white thread, which is the rope, does not become distinct from the black except after the light has risen. Then he came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), and he said to him: meaning wide, that the white thread and the black thread are wide. . It is known that the whiteness of the day and the darkness of the night are not wide enough to be under the pillow. And he did not order him to make up the fast, he did not order him to make up the fast, even though he ate after the appearance of dawn, but he was ignorant and did not know the meaning of the verse completely.
Another evidence: At the end of the day, Asma' bint Abi Bakr (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: . And he did not order them to make up the fast. And did they eat before the setting of the sun or not? Answer, everyone. They ate before the sunset, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) did not order them to make up the fast. And if making up the fast had been obligatory, he would have ordered them to do so. And if he had ordered them to do so, it would have been transmitted to us, because if he had ordered them to do so, it would have become a law. And the law is preserved; it must be transmitted.
As for the evidence for intention, you have heard it from the Qur'an, and it is His saying the Exalted: .
What is the greatest of the things that break the fast? The greatest of the things that break the fast is intercourse, because intercourse has a severe expiation. And it is: freeing a slave, and if he does not find one, then fasting two consecutive months, and if he is not able, then feeding sixty poor people. The evidence for this is this strange story: A man came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) and said: . Is the man now intentional or not intentional? Intentional. The evidence is that he said: so he is knowledgeable. . "Between its two banks" means: the two Haras. There is no one poorer in Madinah than me. Do you know what the Chosen One (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) did? . Look, Glory to Allah! The leniency of Islam, the ease of Islam! When this man came repenting, he was treated with this ease. So the man returned to his family, and he had left them fearful; he returned to them with what? A winner, joyful, with dates. The important thing is that the most severe of the things that break the fast is intercourse, and in it is what you heard: freeing a slave, and if he does not find one, then fasting two consecutive months, and if he is not able, then feeding sixty poor people. And the woman is like the man if she is consenting. But if she is forced, she owes nothing.