Ihram from Jeddah
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Question: I work as a car driver between the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and Yemen, and I have performed 'Umrah several times, but I used to enter the state of ihram from the city of Jeddah. Is there anything required of me in that, or not?
Answer: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) specified the miqat boundaries from which those coming to perform Hajj or 'Umrah must enter the state of ihram. He designated Yalamlam, which is called al-Sa'diyyah, for the people of Yemen; Qarn al-Manazil, which is al-Sayl al-Kabir, for the people of Najd; and al-Juhfah, which is near Rabigh, for the people of Sham and the Maghreb. He designated Dhul-Hulayfah for the people of Madinah and said regarding these miqat boundaries:Sahih al-Bukhari 1526Meaning: These miqat boundaries are for these directions and for anyone who passes through them from other directions if he intends to perform Hajj or 'Umrah.
As for Jeddah, it is not a miqat except for its residents and for anyone who initiates the intention of the pilgrimage from there. So if you are coming from Yemen with the intention of 'Umrah, it is obligatory for you to enter the state of ihram at the miqat that you pass by on your route from these miqat boundaries, and you must not pass it to reach Jeddah. If you pass it and enter the state of ihram from Jeddah, you must offer a sacrificial animal (dam) because you neglected an obligatory duty, which is entering the state of ihram from the miqat you passed. And whoever neglects an obligatory duty must offer a sacrificial animal.
So as long as you enter the state of ihram from Jeddah while coming from Yemen intending 'Umrah, and you pass the miqat in each of these instances, you owe a fidyah, which is slaughtering a sheep to be distributed among the poor of the Haram in Makkah. You must not eat any of it. This serves as compensation for what you lacked in the pilgrimage. Your 'Umrah is valid, but it requires this compensation that we mentioned. This compensation multiplies with the number of 'Umrahs you performed from Jeddah while passing the miqat.
Question: What if this happens, for example, to a person coming with the intention of 'Umrah, or perhaps for another purpose, and he passes the miqat from which he was required to enter the state of ihram, and he learns of the ruling before he begins the 'Umrah? What is the action in such a case?
Answer: If he entered the state of ihram from beyond the miqat after passing it, the sacrificial animal is required of him, and he proceeds with his pilgrimage.
Question: Meaning, he is not required to return to the miqat along with the sacrificial animal?
Answer: It does not suffice for him even if he returns. There is no need to return as long as he has entered the state of ihram; the matter is finished, so he does not return. His return does not benefit him in any way. He slaughters this fidyah and proceeds with his pilgrimage.
However, if he remembers before entering the state of ihram, then returns to the miqat and enters the state of ihram from there, he has fulfilled the obligatory duty and nothing is required of him.
Question: Does this ruling apply even to one coming by air, or to someone coming from Riyadh who wants to perform 'Umrah and passes through the city of Jeddah to visit some relatives or friends for a day or two? Is he required to enter the state of ihram from the point in the air that corresponds to the miqat?
Answer: This ruling includes the one coming from his country to perform the pilgrimage from his country, which is beyond the miqat, to perform the pilgrimage. It is obligatory for him to enter the state of ihram from this miqat if he passes it, or passes alongside it on the ground or in the air. He must not pass it without entering the state of ihram. So the one who goes by plane prepares for the state of ihram before boarding with whatever he intends to prepare with. When he is alongside the miqat, he either asks the pilots, or they announce it to the people, or he takes precaution and enters the state of ihram when he is convinced that he is near the miqat, so he enters the state of ihram from the air. As for passing it until he lands at Jeddah airport, this is an error. If he does this, a sacrificial animal is required of him.
Question: Meaning, even if he is going to stay in Jeddah for a day or two?
Answer: Even if he is going to stay in Jeddah for a day or two. If he wants to stay in Jeddah, it is better if he performs the 'Umrah and then returns to Jeddah to do his work, because hastening to perform the pilgrimage is better.
Question: Meaning, as long as he intends 'Umrah, it is not permissible for him to pass the miqat without entering the state of ihram?
Answer: There is no doubt in this. Then, after that, he has the choice: if he wishes, he stays in Jeddah in his state of ihram, and if he wishes, he goes down to Makkah and returns to Jeddah for his work.
Answer: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) specified the miqat boundaries from which those coming to perform Hajj or 'Umrah must enter the state of ihram. He designated Yalamlam, which is called al-Sa'diyyah, for the people of Yemen; Qarn al-Manazil, which is al-Sayl al-Kabir, for the people of Najd; and al-Juhfah, which is near Rabigh, for the people of Sham and the Maghreb. He designated Dhul-Hulayfah for the people of Madinah and said regarding these miqat boundaries:
So, these (above mentioned) are the Mawaqit for all those living at those places, and besides them for those who come through those places with the intention of performing Hajj and `Umra
هن لهن ولمن أتى عليهن من غير أهلهن لمن يريد الحج أو العمرةAs for Jeddah, it is not a miqat except for its residents and for anyone who initiates the intention of the pilgrimage from there. So if you are coming from Yemen with the intention of 'Umrah, it is obligatory for you to enter the state of ihram at the miqat that you pass by on your route from these miqat boundaries, and you must not pass it to reach Jeddah. If you pass it and enter the state of ihram from Jeddah, you must offer a sacrificial animal (dam) because you neglected an obligatory duty, which is entering the state of ihram from the miqat you passed. And whoever neglects an obligatory duty must offer a sacrificial animal.
So as long as you enter the state of ihram from Jeddah while coming from Yemen intending 'Umrah, and you pass the miqat in each of these instances, you owe a fidyah, which is slaughtering a sheep to be distributed among the poor of the Haram in Makkah. You must not eat any of it. This serves as compensation for what you lacked in the pilgrimage. Your 'Umrah is valid, but it requires this compensation that we mentioned. This compensation multiplies with the number of 'Umrahs you performed from Jeddah while passing the miqat.
Question: What if this happens, for example, to a person coming with the intention of 'Umrah, or perhaps for another purpose, and he passes the miqat from which he was required to enter the state of ihram, and he learns of the ruling before he begins the 'Umrah? What is the action in such a case?
Answer: If he entered the state of ihram from beyond the miqat after passing it, the sacrificial animal is required of him, and he proceeds with his pilgrimage.
Question: Meaning, he is not required to return to the miqat along with the sacrificial animal?
Answer: It does not suffice for him even if he returns. There is no need to return as long as he has entered the state of ihram; the matter is finished, so he does not return. His return does not benefit him in any way. He slaughters this fidyah and proceeds with his pilgrimage.
However, if he remembers before entering the state of ihram, then returns to the miqat and enters the state of ihram from there, he has fulfilled the obligatory duty and nothing is required of him.
Question: Does this ruling apply even to one coming by air, or to someone coming from Riyadh who wants to perform 'Umrah and passes through the city of Jeddah to visit some relatives or friends for a day or two? Is he required to enter the state of ihram from the point in the air that corresponds to the miqat?
Answer: This ruling includes the one coming from his country to perform the pilgrimage from his country, which is beyond the miqat, to perform the pilgrimage. It is obligatory for him to enter the state of ihram from this miqat if he passes it, or passes alongside it on the ground or in the air. He must not pass it without entering the state of ihram. So the one who goes by plane prepares for the state of ihram before boarding with whatever he intends to prepare with. When he is alongside the miqat, he either asks the pilots, or they announce it to the people, or he takes precaution and enters the state of ihram when he is convinced that he is near the miqat, so he enters the state of ihram from the air. As for passing it until he lands at Jeddah airport, this is an error. If he does this, a sacrificial animal is required of him.
Question: Meaning, even if he is going to stay in Jeddah for a day or two?
Answer: Even if he is going to stay in Jeddah for a day or two. If he wants to stay in Jeddah, it is better if he performs the 'Umrah and then returns to Jeddah to do his work, because hastening to perform the pilgrimage is better.
Question: Meaning, as long as he intends 'Umrah, it is not permissible for him to pass the miqat without entering the state of ihram?
Answer: There is no doubt in this. Then, after that, he has the choice: if he wishes, he stays in Jeddah in his state of ihram, and if he wishes, he goes down to Makkah and returns to Jeddah for his work.