Does hearing the loudspeakers fall under the hadith: (If he hears the call and does not respond)? Even if he is far away?

The questioner : Regarding the adhan, if it is without a microphone, it obligates the one who hears it to attend the congregational prayer. So what if it is with a microphone?

The Shaykh : No, one must distinguish between the two matters, because the loudspeaker may carry the sound to someone in the desert. The Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) says in a well-known hadith: . So whoever hears it—meaning the natural hearing that a person is capable of and can then respond to—whereas the adhan via a loudspeaker is heard at great distances, and very great distances. Therefore, if the one obligated to pray with the congregation is in a place where he would hear the adhan if it were a natural adhan, then he is the one who must attend, whether he hears the natural adhan or the artificial one—if that expression is correct. Otherwise, if we expand the circle, we would burden people with what they cannot bear.
This is the answer to your question.

The questioner : ... How do we know the measure between ... .

The Shaykh : Approximately, not specifically, because it is not possible to set material limits for this matter that cannot be exceeded. I give you an example: the situation differs in nature for someone in a town whose buildings are still modest, as they were in the early periods. Merely for the mu'adhdhin to climb onto the roof of the mosque and call the adhan, the sound reaches the houses around him. But if we look at these towering, high-rise buildings today, the natural voice of the mu'adhdhin may not reach them. So this situation is not equal to the first situation.
Likewise, for example, we give a second picture: the mosque is on top of a mountain, and there are houses, and on the slope of the mountain—also—there are houses. The path to the mosque is not a straight path like the streets that exist today, but rather, as you see, the mountain paths that animals—such as goats and sheep and the like—travel. How winding they are! So whoever hears the adhan from the slope of the mountain, before he reaches the top of the mountain, he hears the sound, because the sound travels straight like an arrow. But the one who wants to reach the source of the sound must wind his way like this and like that until he reaches there. With this example, it becomes clear to the listeners that it is not possible to set material limits in this issue that cannot be exceeded or ignored. So here the matter returns to what is called today the conscience of the person, which the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) expressed by saying: . So then, whoever hears the adhan of the mosque via a loudspeaker, he knows whether he is able to respond to the mu'adhdhin to the mosque without any hardship. So then, it is obligatory for him to respond, otherwise not.
In summary: a material limit cannot be set for such a matter, and Allah knows best.