Expiation for an Oath
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Question: My brother decided to marry a woman from one of the families, and there were sharp discussions between him and my mother.led to my mother saying: She swore an oath that she would not attend your wedding, but my mother retracted it immediately and went to his wedding. She is now confused. Is she sinful for what she said, given that she retracted her oath? If she is sinful, what is the expiation? Please inform us; may Allah reward you.
Answer: First: A Muslim should not be carried away by anger and quarreling until he puts himself in a difficult position. Rather, he must be deliberate, use his reason, and exercise forbearance, especially a parent with his child.
As for what happened with your mother, where she swore that she would not attend the wedding she had intended to attend,by saying: saying, "I swear an oath, or I swear on my neck, that I will not attend your wedding," and then she regretted it, attended, and went against what she had vowed, she owes the expiation for an oath,and she: which is feeding ten poor people, giving each poor person half a sa' of food, or clothing ten poor people, giving each poor person a garment, or freeing a slave.
She has the choice among these three things. If she is unable to do any of them, meaning she cannot afford the feeding, the clothing, or the freeing, then she must fast for three days;because of His saying, the Exalted: [Al-Ma'idah: 89] .
And even if she swore that she would not attend the wedding, she should not proceed with this oath and refrain from attending. Rather, she must expiate her oath and attend, because her attendance involves benefits, maintaining family ties, and removing harm. So she must break her oath, attend, and expiate for it [al-Tahrim: 2] .
Answer: First: A Muslim should not be carried away by anger and quarreling until he puts himself in a difficult position. Rather, he must be deliberate, use his reason, and exercise forbearance, especially a parent with his child.
As for what happened with your mother, where she swore that she would not attend the wedding she had intended to attend,by saying: saying, "I swear an oath, or I swear on my neck, that I will not attend your wedding," and then she regretted it, attended, and went against what she had vowed, she owes the expiation for an oath,and she: which is feeding ten poor people, giving each poor person half a sa' of food, or clothing ten poor people, giving each poor person a garment, or freeing a slave.
She has the choice among these three things. If she is unable to do any of them, meaning she cannot afford the feeding, the clothing, or the freeing, then she must fast for three days;because of His saying, the Exalted:
Allah will not impose blame upon you for what is meaningless in your oaths, but He will impose blame upon you for [breaking] what you intended of oaths. So its expiation is the feeding of ten needy people from the average of that which you feed your [own] families or clothing them or the freeing of a slave. But whoever cannot find [or afford it] - then a fast of three days [is required]. That is the expiation for oaths when you have sworn
لَا يُؤَاخِذُكُمُ اللَّهُ بِاللَّغْوِ فِي أَيْمَانِكُمْ وَلَكِنْ يُؤَاخِذُكُمْ بِمَا عَقَّدْتُمُ الْأَيْمَانَ فَكَفَّارَتُهُ إِطْعَامُ عَشَرَةِ مَسَاكِينَ مِنْ أَوْسَطِ مَا تُطْعِمُونَ أَهْلِيكُمْ أَوْ كِسْوَتُهُمْ أَوْ تَحْرِيرُ رَقَبَةٍ فَمَنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ فَصِيَامُ ثَلَاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ ذَلِكَ كَفَّارَةُ أَيْمَانِكُمْ إِذَا حَلَفْتُمْAnd even if she swore that she would not attend the wedding, she should not proceed with this oath and refrain from attending. Rather, she must expiate her oath and attend, because her attendance involves benefits, maintaining family ties, and removing harm. So she must break her oath, attend, and expiate for it