Determining the Duration of Postnatal Bleeding
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Your Eminence! Some women miscarry after two or three months have passed, and they leave off the ritual prayer and other acts, considering it postnatal bleeding. What is the ruling on this after approximately thirty days have passed, or slightly less, or slightly more? And what is the duration that defines postnatal bleeding?The Shaykh: The beginning of the question is ambiguous. Does the word "miscarry" mean the fetus falls on its own, or does she attempt to cause it to fall?The questioner: It falls on its own by the decree of Allah, Mighty and Majestic.
The Shaykh: The scholars, may Allah have mercy on them, say: Postnatal bleeding is not established unless the formation of a human being is evident in the fetus.Meaning: If it is distinct, with its hand, foot, and head, then if it is expelled, the blood that comes out with it is postnatal bleeding. As for before the formation, it is not postnatal bleeding. And it is known that formation is not possible before eighty days, due to the hadith of Ibn Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: (The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) narrated to us, and he is the truthful and the veracious, saying: "Indeed, one of you is gathered in the womb of his mother for forty days, then he becomes a clot for the same duration") meaning forty days, (then he becomes a lump of flesh for the same duration) And it is known that the lump of flesh, as Allah, Mighty and Majestic, said in the Qur'an: [Surat al-Hajj: 5] .
And the lump of flesh does not reach the stage of the fetus until after the completion of eighty days. So if the woman knows when the pregnancy occurred and that less than eighty days have passed, it is not postnatal bleeding. The question now says that two months have passed, and two months are sixty days. Accordingly, this blood that occurred is not postnatal bleeding blood, and she is only required to make up the missed prayers. If she was ignorant and did not know, then she owes nothing, neither making up prayers nor anything else.
The Shaykh: The scholars, may Allah have mercy on them, say: Postnatal bleeding is not established unless the formation of a human being is evident in the fetus.Meaning: If it is distinct, with its hand, foot, and head, then if it is expelled, the blood that comes out with it is postnatal bleeding. As for before the formation, it is not postnatal bleeding. And it is known that formation is not possible before eighty days, due to the hadith of Ibn Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: (The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) narrated to us, and he is the truthful and the veracious, saying: "Indeed, one of you is gathered in the womb of his mother for forty days, then he becomes a clot for the same duration") meaning forty days, (then he becomes a lump of flesh for the same duration) And it is known that the lump of flesh, as Allah, Mighty and Majestic, said in the Qur'an:
formed and unformed
مُخَلَّقَةٍ وَغَيْرِ مُخَلَّقَةٍAnd the lump of flesh does not reach the stage of the fetus until after the completion of eighty days. So if the woman knows when the pregnancy occurred and that less than eighty days have passed, it is not postnatal bleeding. The question now says that two months have passed, and two months are sixty days. Accordingly, this blood that occurred is not postnatal bleeding blood, and she is only required to make up the missed prayers. If she was ignorant and did not know, then she owes nothing, neither making up prayers nor anything else.