Some women miscarry after two or three months have passed and leave off prayer and other acts, considering it post-natal bleeding; what is the ruling on this after approximately thirty years have passed, and what is the duration that defines post-natal bleeding?
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The questioner : In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
Your Eminence, may Allah preserve you: Some women miscarry after two or three months have passed, and they leave off prayer and other acts, considering it post-natal bleeding. What is the ruling on this after approximately thirty years have passed, or slightly less, or slightly more, and what is the duration that defines post-natal bleeding?
The Shaykh : Yes, the beginning of the question is ambiguous. Does the word "miscarry" mean that it falls on its own, or that she is trying to cause it to fall?
The questioner : No, it falls on its own, may Allah preserve you. I mean, she is affected by a cause, and then it falls on its own.
The Shaykh : The scholars, may Allah have mercy on them, say: Post-natal bleeding is not established unless the formation of a human being is evident in the fetus. That is, if it is distinct with its hand, foot, and head, then if it falls, the blood that comes out with it is post-natal bleeding. As for before the formation, it is not post-natal bleeding. It is known that formation is not possible before eighty days, based on the hadith of Ibn Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), the truthful and veracious one, told us:Sahih al-Bukhari 3208 meaning forty days Sahih al-Bukhari 3208 and it is known that the clot, as Allah Mighty and Majestic said in the Qur'an: [Al-Hajj 22:5].
And the clot does not reach the stage of the fetus until after the completion of eighty days. So if the woman knows when the pregnancy occurred and that less than eighty days have passed, it is not post-natal bleeding. The question now says that two months have passed, and two months are sixty days. Accordingly, this blood that occurred is not post-natal bleeding blood, and she is only required to make up the prayer. If she was ignorant and did not know, then she owes nothing, neither making up the prayer nor anything else.
Your Eminence, may Allah preserve you: Some women miscarry after two or three months have passed, and they leave off prayer and other acts, considering it post-natal bleeding. What is the ruling on this after approximately thirty years have passed, or slightly less, or slightly more, and what is the duration that defines post-natal bleeding?
The Shaykh : Yes, the beginning of the question is ambiguous. Does the word "miscarry" mean that it falls on its own, or that she is trying to cause it to fall?
The questioner : No, it falls on its own, may Allah preserve you. I mean, she is affected by a cause, and then it falls on its own.
The Shaykh : The scholars, may Allah have mercy on them, say: Post-natal bleeding is not established unless the formation of a human being is evident in the fetus. That is, if it is distinct with its hand, foot, and head, then if it falls, the blood that comes out with it is post-natal bleeding. As for before the formation, it is not post-natal bleeding. It is known that formation is not possible before eighty days, based on the hadith of Ibn Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), the truthful and veracious one, told us:
a human being is put together in the womb of the mother in forty days, and then he becomes a clot of thick blood for a similar period
إن أحدكم يجمع خلقه في بطن أمه أربعين يوماً، ثم يكون علقة مثل ذلكand then a piece of flesh for a similar period
ثم يكون مضغة مثل ذلكand then from a lump of flesh, formed and unformed
ثم من مضغة مُخَلَّقَةٍ وَغَيْرِ مُخَلَّقَةٍAnd the clot does not reach the stage of the fetus until after the completion of eighty days. So if the woman knows when the pregnancy occurred and that less than eighty days have passed, it is not post-natal bleeding. The question now says that two months have passed, and two months are sixty days. Accordingly, this blood that occurred is not post-natal bleeding blood, and she is only required to make up the prayer. If she was ignorant and did not know, then she owes nothing, neither making up the prayer nor anything else.