Exegesis of the saying of Allah the Exalted: (Those who disbelieved from the People of the Book)
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Exegesis of His saying, the Exalted: (Those who disbelieved from the People of the Book)
Allah, Mighty and Majestic, says: [al-Bayyinah: 1] Meaning: The disbelievers from the People of the Book and the polytheists were not (separated) meaning: abandoning what they were upon of disbelief (until the clear proof came to them). Those who disbelieved from the People of the Book are the Jews and the Christians. They were named so because scriptures remained with them until the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was sent, despite the alteration, distortion, and change therein. And if you hear "the People of the Book" in the Qur'an, the intended meaning is the Jews and the Christians. The Jews have the Torah, and the Christians have the Gospel. As for the polytheists, they are the worshippers of idols of every kind, from the Children of Israel and from others.He says: (It was not that) these people were (separated) meaning: abandoning what they were upon of shirk (associating partners with Allah) and disbelief, and separated from it (until the clear proof came to them).
So what is the clear proof?
Allah, Mighty and Majestic, says:
Those who disbelieved among the People of the Scripture and the polytheists were not to be parted [from misbelief] until there came to them clear evidence -
لَمْ يَكُنِ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ وَالْمُشْرِكِينَ مُنْفَكِّينَ حَتَّى تَأْتِيَهُمُ الْبَيِّنَةُSo what is the clear proof?