Exegesis of the saying of Allah the Exalted: (And the dawn)
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Exegesis of the saying of Allah the Exalted: (And the dawn)]
So we say, and by Allah we say: Allah, Glorified and Exalted is He, said: [Al-Fajr: 1-4] All of these are oaths: by the dawn, by ten nights, by the even and the odd, and by the night as it retreats.
Five things by which Allah the Exalted swore.
The first: The dawn;And the dawn: It is the bright light that appears in the eastern horizon near the rising of the sun, and the time between it and the rising of the sun is between one hour and thirty-two minutes and one hour and seventeen minutes, and it varies according to the seasons, so sometimes the interval between the dawn and the rising of the sun is long, and sometimes it is short according to the seasons,And the dawn is of two kinds: There is a true dawn and a false dawn,And the intended meaning of the dawn here: The true dawn, and the difference between the true dawn and the false dawn is from three aspects: The first aspect: the false dawn is elongated in the sky, it is not broad but long, whereas the true dawn is broad, extending from north to south.
The second aspect: That the true dawn is not followed by darkness, but the light increases until the sun rises, whereas the false dawn is followed by darkness; darkness occurs after this light, and for this reason it is called false; because it fades and disappears.
The third reason: That the true dawn is connected to the horizon, whereas there is darkness between the false dawn and the horizon.
These are three horizontal, tangible differences that people know when they are in the desert, but in cities they do not know that; because the lights obscure these signs.
- And Allah swore by the dawn; because it is the beginning of the day, and it is in reality a transition from pitch darkness to a bright dawn.
- And Allah swore by it; because no one is able to bring about this dawn except Allah, Mighty and Majestic,As Allah (Blessed and Exalted is He) said: [Al-Qasas: 71] .
- And Allah swore by the dawn; because legal rulings depend on it, such as the abstention of the fasting person; for when the dawn appears, it is obligatory for the fasting person to abstain if his fast is obligatory, or voluntary if he intends to complete his fast, and it also entails the entry of the time for the Fajr prayer, and these are two great legal rulings,The most important of them: The entry of the time for prayer,Meaning: That we must pay more attention to the dawn for the sake of the entry of the time for prayer than we do for the sake of abstention in the case of fasting, why? Because in abstaining from the things that break the fast in fasting, if we assume that we made a mistake, we built upon a principle, which is the continuation of the night, but in prayer, if we made a mistake and prayed before the dawn, we did not build upon a principle; because the principle is the continuation of the night and the non-entry of the time for prayer, and for this reason, if a person prays Fajr before the entry of the time for prayer by one minute, his prayer is voluntary, and his obligation is not discharged by it, and therefore we call upon you, O brothers! to observe this issue,I mean: Paying attention to the entry of the time for the Fajr prayer; because many of the mu'adhdhins call to prayer before the dawn, and this is an error; because the call to prayer before the time is not prescribed;As the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and his family said: (When the prayer is established, let one of you call to it for you) And when is the prayer established? When its time enters, so if a person calls to prayer before the entry of the time for prayer, his call is not valid, and it is obligatory for him to repeat it, and paying attention to the entry of the dawn is very important for the sake of observing the time for prayer.
So we say, and by Allah we say: Allah, Glorified and Exalted is He, said:
(1) By the dawn (2) And [by] ten nights (3) And [by] the even [number] and the odd (4) And [by] the night when it passes,
وَالْفَجْرِ * وَلَيَالٍ عَشْرٍ * وَالشَّفْعِ وَالْوَتْرِ * وَاللَّيْلِ إِذَا يَسْرِFive things by which Allah the Exalted swore.
The first: The dawn;And the dawn: It is the bright light that appears in the eastern horizon near the rising of the sun, and the time between it and the rising of the sun is between one hour and thirty-two minutes and one hour and seventeen minutes, and it varies according to the seasons, so sometimes the interval between the dawn and the rising of the sun is long, and sometimes it is short according to the seasons,And the dawn is of two kinds: There is a true dawn and a false dawn,And the intended meaning of the dawn here: The true dawn, and the difference between the true dawn and the false dawn is from three aspects: The first aspect: the false dawn is elongated in the sky, it is not broad but long, whereas the true dawn is broad, extending from north to south.
The second aspect: That the true dawn is not followed by darkness, but the light increases until the sun rises, whereas the false dawn is followed by darkness; darkness occurs after this light, and for this reason it is called false; because it fades and disappears.
The third reason: That the true dawn is connected to the horizon, whereas there is darkness between the false dawn and the horizon.
These are three horizontal, tangible differences that people know when they are in the desert, but in cities they do not know that; because the lights obscure these signs.
- And Allah swore by the dawn; because it is the beginning of the day, and it is in reality a transition from pitch darkness to a bright dawn.
- And Allah swore by it; because no one is able to bring about this dawn except Allah, Mighty and Majestic,As Allah (Blessed and Exalted is He) said:
Say, "Have you considered: if Allah should make for you the night continuous until the Day of Resurrection, what deity other than Allah could bring you light? Then will you not hear?"
قُلْ أَرَأَيْتُمْ إِنْ جَعَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكُمُ اللَّيْلَ سَرْمَداً إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ مَنْ إِلَهٌ غَيْرُ اللَّهِ يَأْتِيكُمْ بِضِيَاءٍ أَفَلا تَسْمَعُونَ- And Allah swore by the dawn; because legal rulings depend on it, such as the abstention of the fasting person; for when the dawn appears, it is obligatory for the fasting person to abstain if his fast is obligatory, or voluntary if he intends to complete his fast, and it also entails the entry of the time for the Fajr prayer, and these are two great legal rulings,The most important of them: The entry of the time for prayer,Meaning: That we must pay more attention to the dawn for the sake of the entry of the time for prayer than we do for the sake of abstention in the case of fasting, why? Because in abstaining from the things that break the fast in fasting, if we assume that we made a mistake, we built upon a principle, which is the continuation of the night, but in prayer, if we made a mistake and prayed before the dawn, we did not build upon a principle; because the principle is the continuation of the night and the non-entry of the time for prayer, and for this reason, if a person prays Fajr before the entry of the time for prayer by one minute, his prayer is voluntary, and his obligation is not discharged by it, and therefore we call upon you, O brothers! to observe this issue,I mean: Paying attention to the entry of the time for the Fajr prayer; because many of the mu'adhdhins call to prayer before the dawn, and this is an error; because the call to prayer before the time is not prescribed;As the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and his family said: (When the prayer is established, let one of you call to it for you) And when is the prayer established? When its time enters, so if a person calls to prayer before the entry of the time for prayer, his call is not valid, and it is obligatory for him to repeat it, and paying attention to the entry of the dawn is very important for the sake of observing the time for prayer.