The ruling on one who intends to break his fast during the day of Ramadan
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His Eminence the Shaykh: A man who is traveling and fasting in Ramadan intended to break his fast, but then he did not find anything with which to break it. Then he changed his intention and completed the fast until sunset. What is the validity of his fast?
His fast is not valid, and it is obligatory for him to make it up; because when he intended to break his fast, he broke it.But if he said: If he found water, he would drink it, and if not, I am upon my fast. If he did not find the water, then his fast is valid; because he did not sever the intention, but he conditioned breaking the fast on the existence of the thing, and the thing did not exist, so he remained upon his first intention.
The questioner: How do we respond to the one who says: No one of the scholars has said that intention is among the things that break the fast?Answer: We say to the one who said this: He does not know anything about the books of the scholars—the books of the scholars in Islamic jurisprudence and the summaries—In al-Zad al-Mustaqn' it says: And whoever intends to break the fast, he has broken it.
And I, my brothers, warn you against those who are not established scholars known for advancement in knowledge, and I warn you of them if they say, "No one has said this," or "No one has said that"; because they may be truthful; because they do not know the books of the scholars and have not read them, and they do not know anything about them,Therefore, this which you say: No one has said that, even though it is in the summaries of Islamic jurisprudence: (Whoever intends to break the fast, he has broken it), Then, even if we suppose that it was not found in the books of the scholars, did not the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) say: (Actions are only by intentions) ? Yes, he said that,So if he says: (Actions are only by intentions) And this man intended to break the fast. Does he break his fast? Yes.
He breaks his fast.
His fast is not valid, and it is obligatory for him to make it up; because when he intended to break his fast, he broke it.But if he said: If he found water, he would drink it, and if not, I am upon my fast. If he did not find the water, then his fast is valid; because he did not sever the intention, but he conditioned breaking the fast on the existence of the thing, and the thing did not exist, so he remained upon his first intention.
The questioner: How do we respond to the one who says: No one of the scholars has said that intention is among the things that break the fast?Answer: We say to the one who said this: He does not know anything about the books of the scholars—the books of the scholars in Islamic jurisprudence and the summaries—In al-Zad al-Mustaqn' it says: And whoever intends to break the fast, he has broken it.
And I, my brothers, warn you against those who are not established scholars known for advancement in knowledge, and I warn you of them if they say, "No one has said this," or "No one has said that"; because they may be truthful; because they do not know the books of the scholars and have not read them, and they do not know anything about them,Therefore, this which you say: No one has said that, even though it is in the summaries of Islamic jurisprudence: (Whoever intends to break the fast, he has broken it), Then, even if we suppose that it was not found in the books of the scholars, did not the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) say: (Actions are only by intentions) ? Yes, he said that,So if he says: (Actions are only by intentions) And this man intended to break the fast. Does he break his fast? Yes.
He breaks his fast.