Exegesis of the saying of Allah the Exalted: (So his wife came in a cry)
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Exegesis of His saying, the Exalted: (So his wife came in a cry)
Allah the Exalted said: [Surat al-Dhariyat: 29] Who is this wife of his?It is: Sarah, the mother of Ishaq, came in a cry when she heard the good news,Meaning: in a shout! Out of joy; or out of regret and sorrow?
She came in a cry of joy; because this good news came to her after she had advanced in age, she was shouting as if she—may Allah know best—She says: was saying: A boy! A boy! Meaning: she struck her face with her hand in astonishment, as people do to this day when they are told that so-and-so has died, saying, "Allah is the Greatest," and striking their face.
[Surat al-Dhariyat: 29] (An old woman) is the predicate of a deleted subject,and the implied meaning is: [meaning] I am an old, barren woman, so it was as if she was astonished that this good news of this boy would come to her, the All-Knowing, after she had advanced in age and become barren of children, but they made clear to her the only reason by which this child was found,So they said: [Surat al-Dhariyat: 30] meaning: just as We said and gave the good news, said Allah, Mighty and Majestic.
And look at His saying: [Surat al-Dhariyat: 30] where He attributed lordship here to this old, elderly woman, indicating that this is from the care of Allah for her; because attributing lordship to a specific person constitutes a special lordship,And pay attention to the difference: [as distinct from] the general lordship of everyone, for Allah is the Lord of all things, and the special [lordship] is for no one except for one who is special to Allah, and I recite for you this verse [Surat al-Shu'ara: 47-48] .
The general lordship, (Lord of the worlds) ,And the specific lordship: [Surat al-Shu'ara: 48] here they said to her: (Your Lord said) , from the perspective of special lordship, which necessitates special care, [Surat al-Dhariyat: 30] Mighty and Majestic, [Adh-Dhariyat 51:30] , you make (He) here: the subject.
And (The Wise) : the predicate.
Or you make (He) a demonstrative pronoun.
And (The Wise) the predicate? It is your choice,If you wish, say: (The Wise) : the predicate.
And (He) is a demonstrative pronoun with no grammatical position,And if you wish, say: (He) is the subject and (The Wise) is the predicate of (He) , and the sentence is the predicate of "in" (meaning: that), and here (The Wise) was placed before (The All-Knowing) because the context necessitates placing wisdom before knowledge here.
The wisdom here is in two things: First, the delay of the birth for this woman, if Allah did not delay her birth until she reached old age except for a wisdom, which is that she gave birth after she had despaired and believed she was barren, so here there are two wisdoms: a preceding wisdom and a subsequent wisdom, and thus the name (The Wise) was placed before the name (The All-Knowing) , and you observe that the Noble Qur'an, when Allah combines these two noble names: (The All-Knowing and The Wise) , usually places The All-Knowing first, but here He placed The Wise first; because the context necessitates that[Adh-Dhariyat 51:30] .
And here I ask: What is the meaning of The Wise? Most people think that the meaning of The Wise is the One who possesses wisdom,And wisdom is: placing things in their proper places,But the reality is that the Wise has two meanings: Wise from wisdom, and Wise from judgment, so Allah, Mighty and Majestic, is Wise from wisdom; because Allah the Exalted is the Judge between the servants and the Ruler among the servants, He is a Ruler among them and the Judge between them,And Allah the Exalted said in the Noble Qur'an: [Surat al-Ma'idah: 50] and He said: [Surat al-Tin: 8] and this interrogation is for confirmation,Meaning: that Allah the Exalted is the most wise of judges,And I hope you pay attention here, He said: [Surat al-Ma'idah: 50] in Surat al-Ma'idah,And in Surat al-Tin: [Surat al-Tin: 8] .
Both are in their appropriate place, so in Surat al-Ma'idah Allah mentioned [Surat al-Ma'idah: 44]
the wrongdoers [Surat al-Ma'idah: 45]
the transgressors [Surat al-Ma'idah: 47] and the verses continued until He said: [Surat al-Ma'idah: 50] so it seems the context is one of comparison between judgments, and that the judgment of Allah is the best of judgments, but in Surat al-Tin the context is one of authority and power, and Allah is the most wise of judges,Meaning: that His judgment is effective and His authority is complete, and no one opposes His judgment ever, no matter how strong his power is.
And look at the saying of Allah the Exalted regarding 'Ad: [Surat Fussilat: 15] meaning: no one is stronger than Us in power,So Allah the Exalted said: [Surat Fussilat: 15] and He punished them with the gentlest of things, He punished them with the wind, the gentle air which you do not feel by touch even if it is strong, it pushes everything and is stronger than water as is known, and this gentle air destroyed in it these people who say: [Surat Fussilat: 15] We destroyed them with it.
The result is that Allah is the most wise of judges, His judgment is effective, issued from strength and authority, then the most wise of judges also includes the goodness of judgment.
So the Wise in the saying of Allah the Exalted: [Surat al-Dhariyat: 30] includes two meanings, a meaning from judgment, and a meaning from wisdom, we have finished with wisdom, so the judgment of Allah, Mighty and Majestic, includes that He is the Ruler among the servants and that He is the Judge between the servants, and that His judgment is the best of judgments, and that He the Exalted is the most wise of judges.
Also, Allah the Exalted has the perfect wisdom, and nothing of the actions existing in the universe is wiser than the wisdom of Allah, and if you believe in this, O believer! many matters that are difficult for many people will become easy for you, including some of the rulings of the Shari'ah whose wisdom people do not grasp,So do we say: if they do not find the wisdom, [they think] there is no wisdom for it,Or we say: [or] it has wisdom but our minds are limited? The second, and if we believe in this belief, we will be at peace with many of the matters of the Shari'ah whose wisdom is hidden from us, do we grasp the wisdom in the fact that the prayers are five? No.
Or that they are seventeen rak'ahs? No.
And many things from the matters of the Shari'ah, a person does not grasp their wisdom, but if you believe that Allah is Wise, you believe that these things have a wisdom that necessitates them.
Likewise in matters of divine decree: Allah, Glorified and Exalted is He, may send a punishment that includes the righteous and the wicked, and Allah may send a punishment upon a people you do not expect He would send punishment to,So do you say: What is the wisdom?Or you say: Indeed, Allah, Mighty and Majestic, must have a wisdom in His decree for this,And therefore I say to you: Indeed, what is obligatory for us in what Allah has commanded of the Shari'ah and in what He has decreed of destinies is that we submit with the utmost submission, and that we do not object to this with our minds.
And listen to the saying of Allah the Exalted: [Surat al-Nisa: 65] this is one, [Surat al-Nisa: 65] the second,And the third is: [Surat al-Nisa: 65] .
Allah, Mighty and Majestic, swore that no one can believe except with these three conditions,It is: The first: that they judge you in whatever has arisen between them.
And the second: That they do not find in their hearts any discomfort, meaning: that their hearts do not narrow at the judgment of Allah.
The third: That they submit in full submission,This source affirmed this, meaning: complete submission, a person does not be negligent or slow in executing the judgment of Allah, so if you find in yourself a defect related to these three matters, correct your faith, if you see that you wish to be judged by other than Allah and His Messenger, correct your faith, and if you see in your heart that you do not want anything but the judgment of Allah and His Messenger, but your heart narrows at the judgment of Allah and His Messenger, and you tell yourself that it is not possible for you to be judged by other than Allah and His Messenger, but your heart narrows, if your heart does not narrow at being judged by other than Allah and His Messenger and you are open-hearted with the judgment of Allah and His Messenger, but you are slow and negligent, you are deficient in faith,Read the saying of Allah the Exalted: [Surat al-An'am: 110] .
When they did not believe in it the first time and did not accept it the first time, their hearts became fluctuating—seeking refuge in Allah—and Allah left them in their transgression to wander, for this reason it is obligatory upon you, O believer! to hasten with complete submission to the judgment of Allah the Exalted, the decreed.
We ask Allah, Glorified and Exalted is He, for everyone success and guidance, indeed He is capable of all things.
Allah the Exalted said:
And his wife approached with a cry
فَأَقْبَلَتِ امْرَأَتُهُ فِي صَرَّةٍShe came in a cry of joy; because this good news came to her after she had advanced in age, she was shouting as if she—may Allah know best—She says: was saying: A boy! A boy! Meaning: she struck her face with her hand in astonishment, as people do to this day when they are told that so-and-so has died, saying, "Allah is the Greatest," and striking their face.
and struck her face and said, "[I am] a barren old woman!"
فَصَكَّتْ وَجْهَهَا وَقَالَتْ عَجُوزٌ عَقِيمٌThus said your Lord
كَذَلِكِ قَالَ رَبُّكِAnd look at His saying:
Said your Lord
قَالَ رَبُّكِ(121) They said, "We have believed in the Lord of the worlds, (122) The Lord of Moses and Aaron."
قَالُوا آمَنَّا بِرَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ * رَبِّ مُوسَى وَهَارُونَThe general lordship, (Lord of the worlds) ,And the specific lordship:
The Lord of Moses and Aaron
رَبِّ مُوسَى وَهَارُونَThey said, "Thus has said your Lord; indeed, He is the Wise, the Knowing."
قَالُوا كَذَلِكَ قَالَ رَبُّكِ إِنَّهُ هُوَ الْحَكِيمُ الْعَلِيمُindeed, He is the Wise, the Knowing."
إِنَّهُ هُوَ الْحَكِيمُ الْعَلِيمُAnd (The Wise) : the predicate.
Or you make (He) a demonstrative pronoun.
And (The Wise) the predicate? It is your choice,If you wish, say: (The Wise) : the predicate.
And (He) is a demonstrative pronoun with no grammatical position,And if you wish, say: (He) is the subject and (The Wise) is the predicate of (He) , and the sentence is the predicate of "in" (meaning: that), and here (The Wise) was placed before (The All-Knowing) because the context necessitates placing wisdom before knowledge here.
The wisdom here is in two things: First, the delay of the birth for this woman, if Allah did not delay her birth until she reached old age except for a wisdom, which is that she gave birth after she had despaired and believed she was barren, so here there are two wisdoms: a preceding wisdom and a subsequent wisdom, and thus the name (The Wise) was placed before the name (The All-Knowing) , and you observe that the Noble Qur'an, when Allah combines these two noble names: (The All-Knowing and The Wise) , usually places The All-Knowing first, but here He placed The Wise first; because the context necessitates that
indeed, He is the Wise, the Knowing."
إِنَّهُ هُوَ الْحَكِيمُ الْعَلِيمُAnd here I ask: What is the meaning of The Wise? Most people think that the meaning of The Wise is the One who possesses wisdom,And wisdom is: placing things in their proper places,But the reality is that the Wise has two meanings: Wise from wisdom, and Wise from judgment, so Allah, Mighty and Majestic, is Wise from wisdom; because Allah the Exalted is the Judge between the servants and the Ruler among the servants, He is a Ruler among them and the Judge between them,And Allah the Exalted said in the Noble Qur'an:
But who is better than Allah in judgement for a people who are certain [in faith].
وَمَنْ أَحْسَنُ مِنَ اللَّهِ حُكْماً لِقَوْمٍ يُوقِنُونَIs not Allah the most just of judges?
أَلَيْسَ اللَّهُ بِأَحْكَمِ الْحَاكِمِينَBut who is better than Allah in judgement
وَمَنْ أَحْسَنُ مِنَ اللَّهِ حُكْماًIs not Allah the most just of judges?
أَلَيْسَ اللَّهُ بِأَحْكَمِ الْحَاكِمِينَBoth are in their appropriate place, so in Surat al-Ma'idah Allah mentioned
And whoever does not judge by what Allah has revealed - then it is those who are the disbelievers.
وَمَنْ لَمْ يَحْكُمْ بِمَا أَنزَلَ اللَّهُ فَأُوْلَئِكَ هُمْ الْكَافِرُونَ.
..
.Then is it the judgement of [the time of] ignorance they desire? But who is better than Allah in judgement for a people who are certain [in faith].
أَفَحُكْمَ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ يَبْغُونَ وَمَنْ أَحْسَنُ مِنَ اللَّهِ حُكْماً لِقَوْمٍ يُوقِنُونَAnd look at the saying of Allah the Exalted regarding 'Ad:
As for 'Aad, they were arrogant upon the earth without right and said, "Who is greater than us in strength?
فَأَمَّا عَادٌ فَاسْتَكْبَرُوا فِي الْأَرْضِ بِغَيْرِ الْحَقِّ وَقَالُوا مَنْ أَشَدُّ مِنَّا قُوَّةًDid they not consider that Allah who created them was greater than them in strength?
أَوَلَمْ يَرَوْا أَنَّ اللَّهَ الَّذِي خَلَقَهُمْ هُوَ أَشَدُّ مِنْهُمْ قُوَّةًWho is greater than us in strength?
مَنْ أَشَدُّ مِنَّا قُوَّةًThe result is that Allah is the most wise of judges, His judgment is effective, issued from strength and authority, then the most wise of judges also includes the goodness of judgment.
So the Wise in the saying of Allah the Exalted:
indeed, He is the Wise, the Knowing."
إِنَّهُ هُوَ الْحَكِيمُ الْعَلِيمُAlso, Allah the Exalted has the perfect wisdom, and nothing of the actions existing in the universe is wiser than the wisdom of Allah, and if you believe in this, O believer! many matters that are difficult for many people will become easy for you, including some of the rulings of the Shari'ah whose wisdom people do not grasp,So do we say: if they do not find the wisdom, [they think] there is no wisdom for it,Or we say: [or] it has wisdom but our minds are limited? The second, and if we believe in this belief, we will be at peace with many of the matters of the Shari'ah whose wisdom is hidden from us, do we grasp the wisdom in the fact that the prayers are five? No.
Or that they are seventeen rak'ahs? No.
And many things from the matters of the Shari'ah, a person does not grasp their wisdom, but if you believe that Allah is Wise, you believe that these things have a wisdom that necessitates them.
Likewise in matters of divine decree: Allah, Glorified and Exalted is He, may send a punishment that includes the righteous and the wicked, and Allah may send a punishment upon a people you do not expect He would send punishment to,So do you say: What is the wisdom?Or you say: Indeed, Allah, Mighty and Majestic, must have a wisdom in His decree for this,And therefore I say to you: Indeed, what is obligatory for us in what Allah has commanded of the Shari'ah and in what He has decreed of destinies is that we submit with the utmost submission, and that we do not object to this with our minds.
And listen to the saying of Allah the Exalted:
But no, by your Lord, they will not [truly] believe until they make you, [O Muhammad], judge concerning that over which they dispute among
فَلا وَرَبِّكَ لا يُؤْمِنُونَ حَتَّى يُحَكِّمُوكَ فِيمَا شَجَرَ بَيْنَهُمْand then find within themselves no discomfort from what you have judged
ثُمَّ لا يَجِدُوا فِي أَنْفُسِهِمْ حَرَجاً مِمَّا قَضَيْتَAnd they will submit in full submission
وَيُسَلِّمُوا تَسْلِيماًAllah, Mighty and Majestic, swore that no one can believe except with these three conditions,It is: The first: that they judge you in whatever has arisen between them.
And the second: That they do not find in their hearts any discomfort, meaning: that their hearts do not narrow at the judgment of Allah.
The third: That they submit in full submission,This source affirmed this, meaning: complete submission, a person does not be negligent or slow in executing the judgment of Allah, so if you find in yourself a defect related to these three matters, correct your faith, if you see that you wish to be judged by other than Allah and His Messenger, correct your faith, and if you see in your heart that you do not want anything but the judgment of Allah and His Messenger, but your heart narrows at the judgment of Allah and His Messenger, and you tell yourself that it is not possible for you to be judged by other than Allah and His Messenger, but your heart narrows, if your heart does not narrow at being judged by other than Allah and His Messenger and you are open-hearted with the judgment of Allah and His Messenger, but you are slow and negligent, you are deficient in faith,Read the saying of Allah the Exalted:
And We will turn away their hearts and their eyes just as they refused to believe in it the first time. And We will leave them in their transgression, wandering blindly.
وَنُقَلِّبُ أَفْئِدَتَهُمْ وَأَبْصَارَهُمْ كَمَا لَمْ يُؤْمِنُوا بِهِ أَوَّلَ مَرَّةٍ وَنَذَرُهُمْ فِي طُغْيَانِهِمْ يَعْمَهُونَWhen they did not believe in it the first time and did not accept it the first time, their hearts became fluctuating—seeking refuge in Allah—and Allah left them in their transgression to wander, for this reason it is obligatory upon you, O believer! to hasten with complete submission to the judgment of Allah the Exalted, the decreed.
We ask Allah, Glorified and Exalted is He, for everyone success and guidance, indeed He is capable of all things.