The Exegesis of the Saying of Allah the Exalted: << ويبين الله لكم الأيات و الله عليم حكيم >> .
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
Then Allah the Exalted said: "And Allah makes clear to you the signs in matters of command and prohibition, and Allah is All-Knowledge of what He commands and what He prohibits, Wise therein." "Yabīn" means to make manifest, and "al-āyāt" means the signs indicating it, (Glorified and Exalted is He). It has passed us by that the signs are divided, O pilgrims?
The student: ...cosmic ...and legislative ...?
The Shaykh : What is contained in the revelation sent down to His messengers, whether the Qur'an or other than the Qur'an. The cosmic signs are what Allah created in the universe and decreed, and these are apparent to believers and non-believers alike; even non-believers know that humans cannot do the like of these signs. The legislative signs do not become clear and manifest except to the believers.[Fussilat 41:44] What is in it? [Fussilat 41:44] So the legislative signs contained in the revelation sent down to His messengers, only the believer benefits from them, whereas the disbeliever, may Allah protect us from that, increases in filth upon his filth and dies upon his disbelief. The cosmic signs, even those who do not believe in Allah (Glorified and Exalted is He), meaning those who do not submit and do not uphold His laws, believe that no human can bring about such things, despite their differing inclinations. With this, he says: [Al-Baqarah 2:219] For this reason, when the sun was eclipsed in the time of the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him), what did he say? Sahih al-Bukhari 5785 Even their eclipse is from the signs of Allah, because if all of humanity gathered to eclipse the sun, could they or not? They could not. So it is from the signs of Allah, because the meaning of a sign is what indicates what was a sign for them, meaning that no one can bring it about except He for whom it was a sign. And His saying (the Exalted): The commentator's or exegete's statement regarding command and prohibition, as if he restricted it to the legislative signs, whereas in reality it is comprehensive of both the legislative signs and the cosmic signs.
And His saying:[An-Nisa 4:26] All-Knowledge, meaning possessing vast, comprehensive knowledge regarding His action and regarding the actions of the created beings. And Allah (Glorified and Exalted is He) is All-Knowledge of what has been and what will be of His action and the action of the created beings. And Wise: it has passed us by that it is derived from what?
The student: From wisdom ...
The Shaykh : Wisdom and judgment, correct. Good. And it has passed us by, O Saleh, that wisdom is in this required matter.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : No.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : There is no place for wisdom except in the Shari'ah and the decree. It is first in the Shari'ah and the decree. So everything Allah legislated is wisdom, conforming to wisdom. And in the decree, everything Allah created conforms to wisdom. So its place is the Shari'ah and the decree. As for wisdom itself, it is in three things: in creation, in form, and in purpose. The creation of a thing is wisdom; were it not for the wisdom in its existence, it would not have existed. And its being in this specific shape or with this specific form is also wisdom. And its purpose is also wisdom.[Al-Mu'minun 23:115] If we multiply two by three, how much is it? The Shari'ah and the decree, and each of them is either in creation, in form, or in purpose, making a total of six.
As for judgment, it is also divided into two categories: cosmic and legislative. An example of the cosmic one? Yes?
The student: His saying (the Exalted) ...
The Shaykh : This is cosmic? No, because notice that this was mentioned after Allah the Exalted said: [Al-Mumtahanah:10] What is this? It is legislative, because all these matters that preceded are legislations. Good, this is an example of the legislative. An example of the cosmic?
The student: ...
The Shaykh : The statement of my brother Yusuf:[Yusuf 12:80] Yes. So if the judgment is cosmic or legislative, it is all in conformity with wisdom. Is it necessary for us to know this wisdom, or is it not necessary? It is not necessary, but it is obligatory for us to believe that there is nothing Allah created or legislated except that it has a wisdom. But due to our shortcoming, much of these wisdoms is hidden from us. Yes. [An-Nur 24:18]
The student: ...cosmic ...and legislative ...?
The Shaykh : What is contained in the revelation sent down to His messengers, whether the Qur'an or other than the Qur'an. The cosmic signs are what Allah created in the universe and decreed, and these are apparent to believers and non-believers alike; even non-believers know that humans cannot do the like of these signs. The legislative signs do not become clear and manifest except to the believers.
Say, "It is, for those who believe, a guidance and cure." And those who do not believe
قل هو للذين آمنوا هدى وشفاء والذين لا يؤمنونin their ears is deafness, and it is upon them blindness. Those are being called from a distant place.
في آذانهم وقر وهو عليهم عمى أولئك ينادون من مكان بعيدAllah makes clear to you the verses
يبين الله لكم الآياتThe sun and the moon are two signs among the signs of Allah
إن الشمس والقمر آيتان من آيات اللهAnd Allah is All-Knowledge
والله عليمAnd His saying:
And Allah is Knowing and Wise.
والله عليم حكيمThe student: From wisdom ...
The Shaykh : Wisdom and judgment, correct. Good. And it has passed us by, O Saleh, that wisdom is in this required matter.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : No.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : There is no place for wisdom except in the Shari'ah and the decree. It is first in the Shari'ah and the decree. So everything Allah legislated is wisdom, conforming to wisdom. And in the decree, everything Allah created conforms to wisdom. So its place is the Shari'ah and the decree. As for wisdom itself, it is in three things: in creation, in form, and in purpose. The creation of a thing is wisdom; were it not for the wisdom in its existence, it would not have existed. And its being in this specific shape or with this specific form is also wisdom. And its purpose is also wisdom.
Then did you think that We created you uselessly and that to Us you would not be returned?"
أفحسبتم أنما خلقناكم عبثا وأنكم إلينا لا ترجعونAs for judgment, it is also divided into two categories: cosmic and legislative. An example of the cosmic one? Yes?
The student: His saying (the Exalted) ...
The Shaykh : This is cosmic? No, because notice that this was mentioned after Allah the Exalted said:
O you who have believed, when the believing women come to you as emigrants, examine them. Allah is most knowing as to their faith. And if you know them to be believers, then do not return them to the disbelievers; they are not lawful [wives] for them, nor are they lawful [husbands] for them. But give the disbelievers what they have spent. And there is no blame upon you if you marry them when you have given them their due compensation. And hold not to marriage bonds with disbelieving women, but ask for what you have spent and let them ask for what they have spent. That is the judgement of Allah; He judges between you. And Allah is Knowing and Wise.
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِذَا جَاءَكُمُ الْمُؤْمِنَاتُ مُهَاجِرَاتٍ فَامْتَحِنُوهُنَّ اللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ بِإِيمَانِهِنَّ فَإِنْ عَلِمْتُمُوهُنَّ مُؤْمِنَاتٍ فَلا تَرْجِعُوهُنَّ إِلَى الْكُفَّارِ لا هُنَّ حِلٌّ لَهُمْ وَلا هُمْ يَحِلُّونَ لَهُنَّ وَآتُوهُمْ مَا أَنفَقُوا وَلا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ أَنْ تَنكِحُوهُنَّ إِذَا آتَيْتُمُوهُنَّ أُجُورَهُنَّ وَلا تُمْسِكُوا بِعِصَمِ الْكَوَافِرِ وَاسْأَلُوا مَا أَنفَقْتُمْ وَلْيَسْأَلُوا مَا أَنفَقُوا ذَلِكُمْ حُكْمُ اللَّهِ يَحْكُمُ بَيْنَكُمْThe student: ...
The Shaykh : The statement of my brother Yusuf: