The ruling on one who forgets the first tashahhud
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The questioner: A shaykh is leading the prayer for a congregation. He is in the second rak'ah, and he forgot and stood up for the third rak'ah. Does he sit for the first tashahhud or not?
If the one praying stands up from the first tashahhud, whether he is the imam or praying alone, and he has fully established himself in standing, then he does not go back; but he performs sujud al-sahw before the taslim. However, if he has not yet fully established himself in standing, then he goes back, sits, and recites the tashahhud. Then, is sujud al-sahw obligatory for him because he separated from the sitting, or is it not obligatory? There are two opinions among the scholars on this.
The important point is that once he has fully established himself in standing, he does not go back, whether he is the imam or praying alone.
If the one praying stands up from the first tashahhud, whether he is the imam or praying alone, and he has fully established himself in standing, then he does not go back; but he performs sujud al-sahw before the taslim. However, if he has not yet fully established himself in standing, then he goes back, sits, and recites the tashahhud. Then, is sujud al-sahw obligatory for him because he separated from the sitting, or is it not obligatory? There are two opinions among the scholars on this.
The important point is that once he has fully established himself in standing, he does not go back, whether he is the imam or praying alone.