Exegesis of the saying of Allah the Exalted: (Allah has heard the argument of the woman who disputes with you)
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Exegesis of His saying, the Exalted: (Allah has heard the argument of the woman who disputes with you)
Allah Mighty and Majestic says, after mentioning the Basmala—and much has been said previously about the Basmala—He (Mighty and Majestic) says: [Al-Mujadilah: 1] (Qad) here indicates realization and affirmation [Al-Mujadilah: 1] It is a woman who came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), complaining about her husband, that after her age and his age had advanced, and it was apparent from her,And he said to her: You are to me like the back of my mother, and this is zihar,And zihar in the pre-Islamic age of ignorance means: the final divorce by which the woman does not become lawful, and she becomes forbidden to him forever. This woman came complaining to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) that after this age, the children, and the hardship with this husband, he pronounced zihar against her. So Allah Mighty and Majestic made it clear that He had heard her words,And his statement: [Al-Mujadilah: 1] meaning: regarding her husband,When he said: You are to me like the back of my mother.
[Al-Mujadilah: 1] meaning: she raises the complaint to Allah Mighty and Majestic; so that He might fulfill her need, Blessed and Exalted is He. So the revelation descended immediately upon the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), and Allah gave him a ruling in that matter,Then He affirmed this hearing by His saying: [Al-Mujadilah: 1] meaning: your mutual conversation. And the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) would converse with her and order her to be patient and wait until Allah brings His command.
And in this verse: It is evidence of the vastness of the hearing of Allah Mighty and Majestic, and that He hears everything,Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) said: [Praise be to Allah Who has made His hearing encompass all voices] And in another hadith: [Blessed is He Who has made His hearing encompass all voices. Indeed, the disputing woman came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) disputing with him regarding her husband, and I was in the chamber, and some of her speech was hidden from me] So she praised Allah Mighty and Majestic for the perfection of His attributes, where Allah hears above the Throne, above the seven heavens, the speech of this woman, while Aishah in the chamber does not hear it.
And in this is a warning against a person saying what does not please his Lord Mighty and Majestic, and that no matter how much he hides the speech, Allah the Exalted hears it,Allah the Exalted said in another verse: [Al-Zukhruf: 80] meaning we hear (their secrets) what they hide in their souls, (and their whispered conversations) what they whisper to one another.
But the correct view: That His saying: (their secrets) means: what two men whisper to each other,And whispered conversation: what was not a conversation among the people, because His saying "we hear" does not apply to the secret in the heart. If you are next to someone and then you speak to him in secret, it is not called whispered conversation. And if you speak in the assembly with a raised voice, it is called whispered conversation.
Allah the Exalted said: [Al-Mujadilah: 1] He hears everything, and sees everything, Mighty and Majestic. So beware of making your Lord hear what He does not like, and beware of showing your Lord through your actions what He does not like. Everything is known to Allah Mighty and Majestic.
But if a person says: You are to me like the back of my sister, is it like his saying: like the back of my mother?
Yes, it is; because there is no difference. As for the mention of verses regarding zihar from one's mother, this is based on the fact that it is the common practice, that a person pronounces zihar using his mother,But if he said: You are to me like the back of my aunt, so the ruling is the same,And the criterion in this is: that he likens his wife to one who is permanently forbidden to him.
So the mother, or the daughter, or the sister, or the aunt, or the maternal aunt, or the sister's daughter, or the brother's daughter, the ruling for them is one,And even if he likens her to something other than the back by saying: You are to me like the head of my mother, or like the private parts of my mother, is the ruling the same?Answer: Yes, the ruling is the same, it is like the back, but the mention of the back is based on the common known practice at that time.
Allah Mighty and Majestic says, after mentioning the Basmala—and much has been said previously about the Basmala—He (Mighty and Majestic) says:
Certainly has Allah heard the speech of the one who argues with you, [O Muhammad], concerning her husband and directs her complaint to Allah
قَدْ سَمِعَ اللَّهُ قَوْلَ الَّتِي تُجَادِلُكَ فِي زَوْجِهَا وَتَشْتَكِي إِلَى اللَّهِCertainly has Allah heard the speech of the one who argues with you
سَمِعَ اللَّهُ قَوْلَ الَّتِي تُجَادِلُكَargues with you, [O Muhammad], concerning her husband
تُجَادِلُكَ فِي زَوْجِهَاand directs her complaint to Allah
وَتَشْتَكِي إِلَى اللَّهِAnd Allah hears your dialogue
وَاللَّهُ يَسْمَعُ تَحَاوُرَكُمَاAnd in this verse: It is evidence of the vastness of the hearing of Allah Mighty and Majestic, and that He hears everything,Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) said: [Praise be to Allah Who has made His hearing encompass all voices] And in another hadith: [Blessed is He Who has made His hearing encompass all voices. Indeed, the disputing woman came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) disputing with him regarding her husband, and I was in the chamber, and some of her speech was hidden from me] So she praised Allah Mighty and Majestic for the perfection of His attributes, where Allah hears above the Throne, above the seven heavens, the speech of this woman, while Aishah in the chamber does not hear it.
And in this is a warning against a person saying what does not please his Lord Mighty and Majestic, and that no matter how much he hides the speech, Allah the Exalted hears it,Allah the Exalted said in another verse:
Or do they think that We hear not their secrets and their private conversations? Yes, [We do], and Our messengers are with them recording.
أَمْ يَحْسَبُونَ أَنَّا لا نَسْمَعُ سِرَّهُمْ وَنَجْوَاهُمْ بَلَى وَرُسُلُنَا لَدَيْهِمْ يَكْتُبُونَBut the correct view: That His saying: (their secrets) means: what two men whisper to each other,And whispered conversation: what was not a conversation among the people, because His saying "we hear" does not apply to the secret in the heart. If you are next to someone and then you speak to him in secret, it is not called whispered conversation. And if you speak in the assembly with a raised voice, it is called whispered conversation.
Allah the Exalted said:
because Allah is Hearing and Seeing.
إِنَّ اللَّهَ سَمِيعٌ بَصِيرٌBut if a person says: You are to me like the back of my sister, is it like his saying: like the back of my mother?
Yes, it is; because there is no difference. As for the mention of verses regarding zihar from one's mother, this is based on the fact that it is the common practice, that a person pronounces zihar using his mother,But if he said: You are to me like the back of my aunt, so the ruling is the same,And the criterion in this is: that he likens his wife to one who is permanently forbidden to him.
So the mother, or the daughter, or the sister, or the aunt, or the maternal aunt, or the sister's daughter, or the brother's daughter, the ruling for them is one,And even if he likens her to something other than the back by saying: You are to me like the head of my mother, or like the private parts of my mother, is the ruling the same?Answer: Yes, the ruling is the same, it is like the back, but the mention of the back is based on the common known practice at that time.