What is the legal ruling on a person who sees the dawn while in a state of major ritual impurity during Ramadan?
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The questioner : What is the legal ruling on a person who sees the dawn while in a state of major ritual impurity during Ramadan?
The Shaykh : Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds, and may peace and blessings be upon our Prophet Muhammad, and upon his family and all his Companions. The answer to the question is that if the dawn breaks upon a fasting person while he is in a state of major ritual impurity, his fast is valid and he owes nothing. The evidence for this is from the Book of Allah and the Sunnah of His Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him). As for the Book of Allah, Allah the Exalted said:[Al-Baqarah 2:187] Thus, Allah has made intercourse permissible during the night until the dawn becomes clear. This necessitates that one does not perform the full ritual bath until after the dawn has risen, because if the act is permissible for him until the dawn becomes clear, he will remain [in that state] until the last moment of the night, and his full ritual bath will be after the dawn has risen.
As for the Sunnah, it is established from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) that he would become in a state of major ritual impurity in the morning and fast. However, it is better for one who has entered a state of major ritual impurity to hasten to perform the full ritual bath so that he is in a state of ritual purity. If he is unable to perform the full ritual bath, let him perform the ablution, because the ablution alleviates the state of major ritual impurity. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was asked about a person in a state of major ritual impurity sleeping, and he said (peace and blessings be upon him): This is evidence that the ablution alleviates the state of major ritual impurity, and evidence that it is incumbent upon a person not to sleep except in a state of ritual purity, either complete purity, which is the full ritual bath, or reduced purity, which is the ablution. Yes.
The questioner : Shaykh Muhammad, this is the listener.
The Shaykh : Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds, and may peace and blessings be upon our Prophet Muhammad, and upon his family and all his Companions. The answer to the question is that if the dawn breaks upon a fasting person while he is in a state of major ritual impurity, his fast is valid and he owes nothing. The evidence for this is from the Book of Allah and the Sunnah of His Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him). As for the Book of Allah, Allah the Exalted said:
So now, have relations with them and seek that which Allah has decreed for you. And eat and drink until the white thread of dawn becomes distinct to you from the black thread [of night]
فَالأنَ بَاشِرُوهُنَّ وَابْتَغُوا مَا كَتَبَ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ وَكُلُوا وَاشْرَبُوا حَتَّى يَتَبَيَّنَ لَكُمُ الْخَيْطُ الأَبْيَضُ مِنَ الْخَيْطِ الأَسْوَدِ مِنَ الْفَجْرِAs for the Sunnah, it is established from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) that he would become in a state of major ritual impurity in the morning and fast. However, it is better for one who has entered a state of major ritual impurity to hasten to perform the full ritual bath so that he is in a state of ritual purity. If he is unable to perform the full ritual bath, let him perform the ablution, because the ablution alleviates the state of major ritual impurity. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was asked about a person in a state of major ritual impurity sleeping, and he said (peace and blessings be upon him):
If he performs ablution, let him sleep.
إذا توضأ فليرقدThe questioner : Shaykh Muhammad, this is the listener.