Does the follower recite al-Fatihah or listen and hear the Qur'an as Allah the Exalted said?

The questioner : He says in his letter: Does the follower recite al-Fatihah or listen and hear the Qur'an as Allah the Exalted said in His noble Book: and the saying of the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him): Muslim authenticated it. Based on this, the hadith is understood: meaning that the recitation of the imam is his recitation in the loud prayers. We ask your eminence to clarify this for the listening brothers?

The Shaykh : This issue, which is the recitation of the follower behind the imam, is a matter of disagreement among the scholars. The stronger opinion in my view is what al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) and a group of scholars held, that reciting al-Fatihah is necessary for every follower in both the quiet and loud prayers, due to the generality of the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): agreed upon by al-Bukhari and Muslim from the hadith of 'Ubadah ibn al-Samit. And in Sahih Muslim, from Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: meaning it is invalid. These are two general texts from which the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) did not exclude anything, except that the compilers of the Sunan books extracted from the hadith of 'Ubadah ibn al-Samit: This indicates that reciting al-Fatihah is obligatory even in the loud prayers, and this is the stronger opinion in my view.
As for His saying, the Exalted: it is general, and it is known that a general text may be specified. Thus, the verse here is specified by the hadith of 'Ubadah ibn al-Samit which we mentioned earlier. The recitation of al-Fatihah does not drop from the follower except if he did not catch it while the imam was standing, and he is the one who joins late. If he arrives and the imam is bowing, he says takbir of intention standing, then he bows with a second takbir for bowing. If he does not say takbir, there is no blame on him. In this case, al-Fatihah drops from him. The evidence for this is the hadith of Abu Bakrah (may Allah be pleased with him) when he arrived and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was bowing, so he hurried and bowed before entering the row, then he entered the row. When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) finished the prayer and asked who did that, Abu Bakrah said, "I did." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to him: meaning do not return to such an action. His intention (peace and blessings be upon him) was that he should not return to hurrying and bowing before reaching the row, not that he should not return to bowing with the imam if he catches him bowing. The evidence for this is that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: So his saying: covers such a situation, meaning it covers the case where one arrives and the imam is bowing, so he bows. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) did not order Abu Bakrah to make up that rak'ah in which he caught the bowing, and this is evidence that al-Fatihah drops from the follower in such a case, and this is the truth.
And based on this, we say: Reciting al-Fatihah is obligatory for every person praying, whether he is an imam, a follower, or praying alone, and in both the loud and quiet prayers, except if he catches the imam bowing, or if he catches him standing but does not complete al-Fatihah before the imam bows, and he fears that he will miss the bowing. In this case as well, it drops from him. Yes.