In a hadith about the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), to the effect of: “Seven will be shaded by Allah in His shade on the Day of Resurrection, a day when there is no shade except His,” does this
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The questioner : In a hadith about the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), to the effect of: Sunan an-Nasa'i 5380Sahih (Darussalam) Does this shade apply specifically to men and not women, given that every clause in the hadith begins with the word “man”? We ask for clarification.
The Shaykh : Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds, and I send prayers and peace upon our Prophet Muhammad, and upon his family and all his Companions.
This hadith that the questioner referred to is the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): And as the questioner mentioned, these seven clauses are all introduced by the word “man.”
However, it should be known that any text in the Book of Allah or the Sunnah of His Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) that is phrased in terms of men includes women, and any text phrased in terms of women includes men as well. This is because the default principle is that men and women are equal in Islamic legal rulings, except where evidence indicates a specific restriction.
For example, Allah the Exalted says:[An-Nur 24:4-5] As you have heard, this verse attaches the ruling to women, and it is well known that the ruling applies to men as well. Thus, if a man accuses a chaste person of adultery and does not produce four witnesses, he is to be flogged eighty lashes, his testimony is never accepted, and he is among the open sinners.
Similarly, Allah the Exalted says:[Al-Mu'minun 23:1-2] and so on, which includes women. And Allah the Exalted says: [An-Nisa 4:103] which also includes women.
Therefore, the default principle is that any rulings or reports attached to women include men, and those attached to men include women, except where evidence indicates a specific restriction, in which case the evidence is followed.
Based on this general, agreed-upon principle, the hadith in question:Muwatta Malik 51:14 includes women without doubt. can apply to both men and women. applies to men only, because a woman’s prayer in her home is better for her, unless the meaning is broadened such that “mosques” refers to places of prostration, thereby encompassing all places of prayer, whether at home or in the mosque. In that case, women would be included. Sahih Muslim 1031a can occur with women if a handsome young man with a good reputation invites her, and she says, “I fear Allah,” in which case the woman is like the man in this regard. The important point is that every clause in this hadith is valid for women and can be performed by them, so the ruling includes women without doubt.
This often leads to questions, and some women ask about the houris and purified spouses that Allah (Glorified and Exalted is He) mentions for the people of Paradise. They ask, “If men have houris and purified spouses, what is the situation for women from this world?”
The answer to this is that women from this world will marry men from this world, and men from this world are better than the young boys in Paradise, because the young boys in Paradise are servants to these men. Therefore, a man from this world is better than the young boys in Paradise, and in that case, the woman in Paradise attains her desire. Sufficient proof for this is Allah’s description of Paradise:[Az-Zukhruf 43:71].
There are seven whom Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, will shade with His shade on the Day of Resurrection, the Day when there will be no shade but His
سبعة يظلهم الله في ظله يوم القيامة يوم لا ظل إلا ظلهThe Shaykh : Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds, and I send prayers and peace upon our Prophet Muhammad, and upon his family and all his Companions.
This hadith that the questioner referred to is the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him):
Seven will be shaded by Allah in His shade on the Day of Resurrection, a day when there is no shade except His: a just ruler, a young man who grew up in the obedience of Allah, a man whose heart is attached to the mosques, two men who loved each other for the sake of Allah, meeting for it and parting for it, a man whom a woman of high status and beauty invited, and he said, “I fear Allah,” and a man who remembered Allah in seclusion and his eyes overflowed with tears
سبعة يظلهم الله في ظله يوم لا ظل إلا ظله : إمام عادل ، وشاب نشأ في طاعة الله ، ورجل قلبه معلق بالمساجد ، ورجلان تحابا في الله اجتمعا عليه وتفرقا عليه ، ورجل دعته امرأة ذات منصب وجمال فقال : إني أخاف الله ، ورجل ذكر الله خالياً ففاضت عيناهHowever, it should be known that any text in the Book of Allah or the Sunnah of His Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) that is phrased in terms of men includes women, and any text phrased in terms of women includes men as well. This is because the default principle is that men and women are equal in Islamic legal rulings, except where evidence indicates a specific restriction.
For example, Allah the Exalted says:
(4) And those who accuse chaste women and then do not produce four witnesses - lash them with eighty lashes and do not accept from them testimony ever after. And those are the defiantly disobedient, (5) Except for those who repent thereafter and reform, for indeed, Allah is Forgiving and Merciful.
والذين يرمون المحصنات ثم لم يأتوا بأربعة شهداء فاجلدوهم ثمانين جلدة ولا تقبلوا لهم شهادة أبداً وأولئك هم الفاسقون إلا الذين تابوا من بعد ذلك وأصلحوا فإن الله غفور رحيمSimilarly, Allah the Exalted says:
(1) Certainly will the believers have succeeded: (2) They who are during their prayer humbly submissive
قد أفلح المؤمنون الذين هم في صلاتهم خاشعونIndeed, prayer has been decreed upon the believers a decree of specified times.
إن الصلاة كانت على المؤمنين كتاباً موقوتاًTherefore, the default principle is that any rulings or reports attached to women include men, and those attached to men include women, except where evidence indicates a specific restriction, in which case the evidence is followed.
Based on this general, agreed-upon principle, the hadith in question:
There are seven whom Allah will shade in His shade
سبعة يظلهم الله في ظلهA young man who grew up in the obedience of Allah
شاب نشأ في طاعة اللهA man whose heart is attached to the mosques
رجل قلبه معلق بالمساجدa man whom a beautiful woman of high rank seduces (for illicit relation), but he (rejects this offer by saying):" I fear Allah"
رجل دعته امرأة ذات منصب وجمال فقال إني أخاف اللهThis often leads to questions, and some women ask about the houris and purified spouses that Allah (Glorified and Exalted is He) mentions for the people of Paradise. They ask, “If men have houris and purified spouses, what is the situation for women from this world?”
The answer to this is that women from this world will marry men from this world, and men from this world are better than the young boys in Paradise, because the young boys in Paradise are servants to these men. Therefore, a man from this world is better than the young boys in Paradise, and in that case, the woman in Paradise attains her desire. Sufficient proof for this is Allah’s description of Paradise: