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﴿ فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِن كُنتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ ﴾

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Does the one who joins the prayer late complete it or make it up?

Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The Shaykh : Is it the first part of his prayer or the last part? Or, in other words, what he catches of the prayer while he is behind the imam as one who joined late—is it the first part of his prayer or the last part? There are two opinions in this issue. The Hanafis hold that what he catches of the prayer behind the imam is the last part of his prayer, and what he completes is the first part of the prayer. The Shafi'is and the majority hold the opposite, and that is the correct view, based on his saying (peace and blessings be upon him)
and pray whatever you get (with the people) and complete the rest which you have missed فما أدركتم فصلوا وما فاتكم فأتموا
Sahih al-Bukhari 635
The Hanafis responded to the Shafi'is' argument with their statement, but there is a narration in Sahih al-Bukhari:
And make up what you missed وما فاتكم فاقضوا
This is a text regarding making up the prayer, and it supports the Hanafi school because he makes up the two preceding, initial rak'ahs. The majority responded that the second wording, "so make up," in Arabic means the same as the first, because interpreting "make up" as performing the act of worship outside its time is an interpretation that considered the jurisprudistic terminology but did not consider the language. For example, Allah says:
And when the prayer has been concluded, disperse within the land فإذا قضيت الصلاة فانتشروا في الأرض
[Al-Jumu'ah 62:10]
In the Friday prayer, what does "you have completed the prayer" mean? It means you have finished it. Similarly, Allah the Exalted said:
And when you have completed your rites, remember Allah like your [previous] remembrance of your fathers or with [much] greater remembrance. فإذا قضيتم مناسككم فاذكروا الله كذكركم آبائكم أو أشد ذكرا
[Al-Baqarah 2:200]
"You have completed your rituals," meaning you have finished them. Therefore, his saying "so make up" carries the meaning of the previous narration, "so complete." Good. Anyone else?
Source www.al-albany.com

The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.

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