The Third Condition: Intellect.
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The student: Intellect.
The Shaykh : Intellect and its opposite?
The student: Insanity.
The Shaykh : And its opposite is insanity. Now, what do you say about a man who has reached extreme old age and can no longer distinguish, not knowing his son from his daughter, or his night from his day?
The student: He owes nothing.
The Shaykh : He owes no fasting?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : He owes no fasting.
The student: He owes nothing, if...
The Shaykh : He owes no fasting? You say he owes nothing, and I say he owes no fasting. Does fasting fall under the term "nothing," or does it not?
The student: Yes, he owes nothing.
The Shaykh : He owes no fasting?
The student: He owes no fasting, yes.
The Shaykh : He owes no fasting. Now, is he required to feed people in place of fasting?
The student: No, and he is not required to feed people.
The Shaykh : And he is not required to feed people, because you said he owes nothing. That is correct. Rest now. If a man reaches an age that brings him to the state you described, then he owes no fasting and no feeding. Likewise, if his intellect is impaired by an accident, illness, or otherwise, he is not of sound mind, so no fasting is required of him.
Three:
The Shaykh : Intellect and its opposite?
The student: Insanity.
The Shaykh : And its opposite is insanity. Now, what do you say about a man who has reached extreme old age and can no longer distinguish, not knowing his son from his daughter, or his night from his day?
The student: He owes nothing.
The Shaykh : He owes no fasting?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : He owes no fasting.
The student: He owes nothing, if...
The Shaykh : He owes no fasting? You say he owes nothing, and I say he owes no fasting. Does fasting fall under the term "nothing," or does it not?
The student: Yes, he owes nothing.
The Shaykh : He owes no fasting?
The student: He owes no fasting, yes.
The Shaykh : He owes no fasting. Now, is he required to feed people in place of fasting?
The student: No, and he is not required to feed people.
The Shaykh : And he is not required to feed people, because you said he owes nothing. That is correct. Rest now. If a man reaches an age that brings him to the state you described, then he owes no fasting and no feeding. Likewise, if his intellect is impaired by an accident, illness, or otherwise, he is not of sound mind, so no fasting is required of him.
Three: