The ruling on using the hand drum and the drum, and reciting anthems for men at weddings.

The questioner : In Kuwait, at events, weddings used to be held, meaning the announcement of a wedding, and this was among committed people; we are not talking about those who are not committed. The men would gather on the night of the wedding and bring an Islamic group, they call it Islamic?

The Shaykh : The name is enough!

The questioner : This group has a drum with clapping, and the whole area can hear the clapping. This was the case, and there were scholars who issued rulings permitting this, even.

The Shaykh : Strange.

The questioner : Of course, it lasts two or three hours, and so on. The women, of course, have more of this; they have drums and songs, and there is dancing among the women, and so on. So what do we need, a detailed discussion on this topic, because we asked scholars in Kuwait, some of whom permitted it, some of whom gave an answer that was not clear, and some of whom forbade it, or?

The Shaykh : Did the one who permitted it mention this detail that you are now detailing, and still said it is permissible?

The questioner : Yes.

The Shaykh : Okay, where did they get the permissibility of the drum from?

The questioner : The drum, as I understood it, the drum with them is a drum.
The questioner: A hand drum, a hand drum.

The questioner : The drum, the explanation of the drum with them is the large drum of the army.

The Shaykh : The one that has two sides, meaning.

The questioner : Whereas the drum they use is a type of drum, and the songs they sing are a type of anthems.

The Shaykh : Like that, meaning. But finish it and say religious anthems, Islamic anthems. Okay, the drum is not with them?

The questioner : The drum with them is the large, huge drum of the army.
Al-Halabi : They bring it.

The questioner : No, they bring an ordinary drum, an ordinary small drum, a frame drum.

The Shaykh : Meaning, the small drum, like the one of the army, is not called a drum with them.

The questioner : It is not named so, no.

The Shaykh : I know he is explaining the difference between the drum.

The questioner : They are the ones who say.

The Shaykh : Yes, yes. The wedding drum is like the army drum, but it is small; the army one is large.

The questioner : They call it a drum, they use it like the hand drum, but from one side only, and it is flat on the back, one side, whereas the forbidden drum, which is the army drum, has two sides and is large.

The Shaykh : Okay, why are you calling this a drum? This hand drum has one side; it is a hand drum. You are calling it a drum, and from here the question arose.
Another questioner: Bells.

The Shaykh : No, my brother, no, do not expand.

The questioner : Its name in the market is a small drum.
Al-Halabi : They seem to have progressed from the hand drum to the small drum.

The questioner : His statement is correct, O Shaykh, because this small drum is not what is said about the small hand drum, which is customary, meaning even with them this is it, so it is a known drum of the pottery type, which has one side. This is the drum you use. There is a difference between this and the hand drum, so it is not the hand drum.

The Shaykh : And there is a difference between it and the drum.
The questioner: The large one.

The Shaykh : My brother, now we have not entered into the large one. In the army system, there is a drum like this and a drum like this, and one with two sides... We understood from it, allow me, that is enough, your turn to speak, allow me a moment. We understood from it before that the drum they use at weddings there is the one with two sides. Take me gently, finally, we understood that it cannot be the one he intends, which is like a jug, with a waist and a mouth, and then a belly and a back, which is the place of the drum and the striking. My brother, here is a very important scientific rule expressed by those who hold to analogical reasoning: "What is contrary to the analogy, it is not analogized to." We explain this phrase by saying: everything that falls under a general text is not excepted from it except what is excepted exactly, without any addition whatsoever. So we know, for example, the prohibition of musical instruments, and among the musical instruments are the drum and the hand drum. The hand drum is not the drum. The hand drum is the one that has a frame and is fitted with these small pieces, as this al-Nabulsi said, with these little pieces to arrange the sound of the hand drum, meaning a little. This is not called a drum, but rather a hand drum. Permission was given to strike this hand drum in the hadith . Nothing else of the musical instruments and instruments of entertainment is permissible to use. So this type, which our old companion called a small drum, not a drum, this type falls under the general text and is not called the hand drum that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) meant when he said: . The evidence is that the scholars said this hand drum must be plain, without these.
The questioner: The bells.

The Shaykh : Yes, indeed. So what do you say if it is given a neck that narrows from the inside and then widens from the outside... Satan plotted when those people said that this is permissible. We must ask them, since it is an instrument of entertainment and is not the hand drum whose permissibility is explicitly stated for use at weddings, this is first. Since this is not the hand drum, it is not permissible to use this type called a small drum there. This is first. Second, the hand drum, my brother, which is permitted to be struck, was permitted for women and not permitted for men. This is what the men who know the rulings of the sacred law explicitly state, saying that striking the hand drum at weddings is specific to women and not to men.
And therefore, it is not permissible for a scholar who knows that he is on the path of the Book and the Sunnah to declare the permissibility of such an instrument, which is not first included in the exception . Then it is a ruling specific to women and not to men. Similarly, singing; singing on the day of the wedding is specific to women and not to men. And therefore, it came in the authentic hadith that when Aisha returned and entered upon the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and he asked her, she said that she was at a wedding of the Ansar. So he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: . She said: "What do we say, O Messenger of Allah?" He said: . I do not think this singing is sung by men, and even if it were women, meaning there must be something in the singing that also contradicts the Shari'ah.
In summary, men have no relation to this joy, such as using some of the things that are usually used for joy on the occasion; rather, it is for women. And I know, by what we hear and what is conveyed to us, that they sing songs that are actually called religious anthems—do not hold me, there is no alcohol at all, and I have not seen you, O Shaykh, and the Shaykhs love sweets—so this is what comes to my mind now of the answer: that this matter is not permissible for men.

The questioner : Even if they are national anthems encouraging the Arabs.

The Shaykh : Excuse me, where are the national anthems and where is this?

The questioner : At the wedding.

The Shaykh : A model of national anthems is the problem. "Allah is the Greatest" first. We are not allowed to call them Islamic anthems if we change them to national anthems, because another contradiction arises, because the word "nation" implies a regionalism that is not permissible in the Shari'ah. Because you know that the Muslims are very eloquent in speech, they say "the Muslim, wherever he is, his homeland is there," right or not? But today the issue is not like that. When the Afghans continued to fight the Russians and their tails and agents for ten years, no one sought aid from the disbelieving British and Americans to relieve these Afghans. Why? Because this is their homeland, not our homeland. And when we were afflicted in our homeland, we permitted ourselves to seek aid from disbelievers and the most ardent enemies of the Muslims. Where did the claimed nationalism go? Because what is intended by nationalism is pure regionalism. So national anthems in Jordan are different from those in Iraq, without a doubt, and this and that are different in Syria, and so on. These national anthems are therefore not Islamic anthems, and the Islamic anthems have contradictions with Islam. And Allah is the Helper.

The questioner : As for the women, O Shaykh.

The Shaykh : That is enough, let them say that is enough.

The questioner : Musical instruments, but there is an explicit text in Sahih al-Jami' forbidding the drum specifically, and the kubah is the drum. And Allah knows best. Only this, because I said you said, O Shaykh, it falls under the general rule, so this is specific to the drum as well. And Allah knows best.

The Shaykh : Yes, may Allah reward you with good.

The questioner : May Allah reward you.

The Shaykh : We add to that and say: Imam Ahmad narrated in the Musnad with a sound chain from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) who said: . It was asked of the narrator: What is the kubah? He said: The drum. But we were not talking about the drum specifically, but about the small drum in the expression of our companion!
Al-Halabi : Masculine and feminine.

The Shaykh : So we included the small drum in the general text, not the drum. Meaning, if the discussion were about the drum, we would have argued with the specific text and then said this is part of the parts of the general text. And peace be upon you.