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﴿ فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِن كُنتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ ﴾

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Whoever fasts Ramadan out of faith and seeking reward, Allah will forgive him his previous sins

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The Shaykh : As for the remaining good deeds in this month, among them is that whoever fasts Ramadan out of faith and seeking reward, Allah will forgive him his previous sins; and whoever stands in prayer during Ramadan out of faith and seeking reward, Allah will forgive him his previous sins; and whoever stands in prayer on the Night of Decree out of faith and seeking reward, Allah will forgive him his previous sins. This remains until the Day of Resurrection. But is every fast a fast according to the Shari'ah? Answer, O brothers. No, yes, because if the fast is not protected from speaking lies and acting on them, and from ignorance, then Allah has no need for one to leave his food and drink, as the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said:
Whoever does not give up forged speech and evil actions and does not abandon foolishness, Allah is not in need of his leaving food and drink من لم يدع قول الزور والعمل به والجهل فليس لله حاجة في أن يدع طعامه وشرابه
Bulugh al-Maram 5:14
Here I ask: A man ate the pre-dawn meal at the end of the night, having stayed awake all night, then slept after the pre-dawn meal until the sun was about to set. He did not pray, then he got up, broke his fast, and made up the prayers he missed. How many prayers were they? Three prayers: Fajr, Zuhr, and 'Asr. What do you say about this fasting? Is it a fast that benefits him? No. It is true that it is a fast that absolves him of the obligation and drops the fard, but he does not benefit from it. He does not attain the forgiveness of his previous sins, because this man did not fast according to the Shari'ah. The fast that attains this reward is the one where this occurs. Now, a man fasted, prayed, and gave charity, but he eats the flesh of people, may Allah protect us from that, backbiting. From the moment he meets a person, he says, "What do you say about so-and-so?" Is this a fast that is strong enough for the forgiveness of sins? The answer is: No, because he did not refrain from speaking lies, so his fast is not strong enough for the forgiveness of sins. For this reason, it is obligatory for the fasting person to protect his fast from idle talk, obscenity, noise, backbiting, lying, deception, and talebearing, and every forbidden word or action. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said:
If someone insults him or abuses him إن أحد سابه أو شاتمه
or he said:
or quarrels with him, he should say:" I am fasting أو قاتله فليقل إني صائم
Sahih Muslim 1151a
meaning, if a person comes to insult you or speak ill of you, do not respond to him. Say, "I am fasting," and leave him so that the quarrel between you does not increase and the fast does not deviate from the wisdom for which Allah made it obligatory.
Source alathar.net

The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.

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