Exegesis of the final verses of Surat al-Nahl: Allah the Exalted said
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The Shaykh : As for the end of Surat al-Nahl, which is the topic of our lesson now, it is the saying of Allah the Exalted: [An-Nahl 16:125] Who is the address in His saying: directed to? It is directed to the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), and it is said that the address is for everyone to whom it is appropriate to direct the address: the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and others, because the Qur'an was revealed for the entire community. So if Allah says: then the address is for every believer to invite to Allah. Know that the address directed in such a form is divided into three categories:
The first category: that there is in the context what indicates generality.
The second category: that there is evidence for specificity.
The third category: that there is no evidence for this or that. How many categories are there? Brother...
The student: Three. The first: ...
The Shaykh : Generality, yes.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : May Allah bless you. Perfect. An example of the first: the saying of Allah the Exalted:[At-Talaq 65:1] Here, the address is first directed to the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), then He said: The address here is for the general public, as evidenced by the plural form. Accordingly, the address is directed to the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) for him and for the community by the text: [At-Talaq 65:1].
The second: that there is evidence for specificity. Here, the ruling is specific to the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him and his family). An example, brother? Yes, that's right.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh :[Al-Ma'idah 5:67] And like His saying the Exalted: [Ash-Sharh 94:1-2] to the end of the surah. This is specific to the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him).
The third category: what has no evidence for this or that, like this noble verse: Is the address directed to the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) alone, or to everyone to whom it is appropriate to direct the address? There are two opinions. Know that the disagreement in this issue is similar to a verbal dispute, because those who say that it is specific to the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) say that his community is included in the ruling by way of following his example, due to the saying of Allah the Exalted: [Al-Ahzab 33:21].
So if someone asks: What is the original ruling, specificity or generality? Who knows? The original ruling is generality. Therefore, when Allah the Mighty and Majestic intended specificity, He specified it, saying:[Al-Ahzab 33:50] So what is the evidence for specificity, brother? What is the evidence? [Al-Ahzab 33:50] Meaning, did Allah permit him to marry by gift? Complete it, complete the verse so we know? [Al-Ahzab 33:50] May Allah bless you.
So this indicates that if no evidence indicates that the ruling is specific to the Messenger, it must be generalized. Take this as a rule: "Every ruling established for the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) is established for the community except by evidence". Good.
Accordingly, we say that His saying the Exalted: includes the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) and others.
Invite to the way of your Lord with wisdom and good instruction, and argue with them in a way that is best
ادْعُ إِلَى سَبِيلِ رَبِّكَ بِالْحِكْمَةِ وَالْمَوْعِظَةِ الْحَسَنَةِ وَجَادِلْهُمْ بِالَّتِي هِيَ أَحْسَنُInvite
ادعInvite
ادعThe first category: that there is in the context what indicates generality.
The second category: that there is evidence for specificity.
The third category: that there is no evidence for this or that. How many categories are there? Brother...
The student: Three. The first: ...
The Shaykh : Generality, yes.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : May Allah bless you. Perfect. An example of the first: the saying of Allah the Exalted:
O Prophet, when you [Muslims] divorce women
يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ إِذَا طَلَّقْتُمُ النِّسَاءَwhen you divorce
إذا طلقتمO Prophet, when you [Muslims] divorce women
يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ إِذَا طَلَّقْتُمُ النِّسَاءَThe second: that there is evidence for specificity. Here, the ruling is specific to the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him and his family). An example, brother? Yes, that's right.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh :
O Messenger, announce that which has been revealed to you from your Lord, and if you do not, then you have not conveyed His message
يَا أَيُّهَا الرَّسُولُ بَلِّغْ مَا أُنْزِلَ إِلَيْكَ مِنْ رَبِّكَ وَإِنْ لَمْ تَفْعَلْ فَمَا بَلَّغْتَ رِسَالَتَهُ(1) Did We not expand for you, [O Muhammad], your breast? (2) And We removed from you your burden
أَلَمْ نَشْرَحْ لَكَ صَدْرَكَ وَوَضَعْنَا عَنْكَ وِزْرَكَThe third category: what has no evidence for this or that, like this noble verse:
Call to the way of your Lord.
ادْعُ إِلَى سَبِيلِ رَبِّكَThere has certainly been for you in the Messenger of Allah an excellent pattern
لَقَدْ كَانَ لَكُمْ فِي رَسُولِ اللَّهِ أُسْوَةٌ حَسَنَةٌSo if someone asks: What is the original ruling, specificity or generality? Who knows? The original ruling is generality. Therefore, when Allah the Mighty and Majestic intended specificity, He specified it, saying:
O Prophet, indeed We have made lawful to you your wives to whom you have given their due compensation and those your right hand possesses from what Allah has returned to you [of captives] and the daughters of your paternal uncles and the daughters of your paternal aunts and the daughters of your maternal uncles and the daughters of your maternal aunts who emigrated with you and a believing woman if she gives herself to the Prophet [and] if the Prophet wishes to marry her
يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ إِنَّا أَحْلَلْنَا لَكَ أَزْوَاجَكَ اللَّاتِي آتَيْتَ أُجُورَهُنَّ وَمَا مَلَكَتْ يَمِينُكَ مِمَّا أَفَاءَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكَ وَبَنَاتِ عَمِّكَ وَبَنَاتِ عَمَّاتِكَ وَبَنَاتِ خَالِكَ وَبَنَاتِ خَالاتِكَ اللَّاتِي هَاجَرْنَ مَعَكَ وَامْرَأَةً مُؤْمِنَةً إِنْ وَهَبَتْ نَفْسَهَا لِلنَّبِيِّ إِنْ أَرَادَ النَّبِيُّ أَنْ يَسْتَنْكِحَهَاif the Prophet wishes to marry her
إِنْ أَرَادَ النَّبِيُّ أَنْ يَسْتَنْكِحَهَاif the Prophet wishes to marry her, [this is] only for you, excluding the [other] believers
إِنْ أَرَادَ النَّبِيُّ أَنْ يَسْتَنْكِحَهَا خَالِصَةً لَكَ مِنْ دُونِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَSo this indicates that if no evidence indicates that the ruling is specific to the Messenger, it must be generalized. Take this as a rule: "Every ruling established for the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) is established for the community except by evidence". Good.
Accordingly, we say that His saying the Exalted: