Explaining that the things that break the fast do not do so except with three conditions: First: Knowledge, with examples
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The Shaykh : All of these things that break the fast, from intercourse and what is less than it, do not invalidate the fast except with three conditions: the first, the second, and the third are intention.
As for knowledge, its opposite is ignorance, and ignorance is of two types: ignorance of the ruling and ignorance of the situation. Do you understand, my brother? How?
The student: ...
The Shaykh : And what is this ignorance? Ignorance of what? What is this division you made? Pay attention, may Allah protect you. I say ignorance is of two types: ignorance of the ruling and ignorance of the situation. An example of ignorance of the ruling is when a fasting person gets cupped, thinking that cupping does not break the fast, whereas it does break the fast, due to the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family): Or when a fasting person vomits intentionally, thinking that vomiting does not invalidate the fast, whereas intentional vomiting does invalidate the fast, due to the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family): Sunan ad-Daraqutni 11:112 So if this man comes to us seeking a ruling and says that he vomited and he did not know that vomiting invalidates the fast, what do we tell him? Nothing is required of you; proceed with your fast, and your fast is valid, because you were ignorant of what? Of the ruling. As for ignorance of the situation: it is when a person does not know that it is daytime. It is when a person does not know that it is daytime. An example is when he wakes up from his sleep and looks at the clock, and if the clock shows four and a half in his view, he says: "Four and a half, fifty minutes remain until Fajr. So I will eat; I will have my pre-dawn meal." So he starts eating his pre-dawn meal, and then the second call to prayer is made. This is ignorance of what? Ignorance of the situation, meaning he did not know that he was in a state where eating and drinking are forbidden for him.
Another example: A man in the desert, the sky was cloudy, so he thought the sun had set, so he broke his fast, ate and drank, and then the sun came out from between the clouds. Is he required to make it up?
The student: He is not required to.
The Shaykh : He is not required to make it up, and his fast is valid, because he was ignorant of the situation, since he did not know that he was in a state where eating and drinking were not permissible for him.
As for knowledge, its opposite is ignorance, and ignorance is of two types: ignorance of the ruling and ignorance of the situation. Do you understand, my brother? How?
The student: ...
The Shaykh : And what is this ignorance? Ignorance of what? What is this division you made? Pay attention, may Allah protect you. I say ignorance is of two types: ignorance of the ruling and ignorance of the situation. An example of ignorance of the ruling is when a fasting person gets cupped, thinking that cupping does not break the fast, whereas it does break the fast, due to the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family):
The one who performs cupping and the one who is cupped break their fast
أفطر الحاجم والمحجومWhoever vomits intentionally, let him make it up, and if the vomiting overcomes him, there is no making it up for him.
من استقاء عمداً فليقض ومن ذرعه القيء فلا قضاء عليهAnother example: A man in the desert, the sky was cloudy, so he thought the sun had set, so he broke his fast, ate and drank, and then the sun came out from between the clouds. Is he required to make it up?
The student: He is not required to.
The Shaykh : He is not required to make it up, and his fast is valid, because he was ignorant of the situation, since he did not know that he was in a state where eating and drinking were not permissible for him.