The Meaning of the Saying of Allah the Exalted: "And his wealth will not avail him when he perishes. Indeed, it is upon Us to guide, and indeed, to Us belongs the Hereafter and the first [life]. So We have warned you of a Fire whose blaze blazes. None will enter it except the most wretched, the one who denied and turned away. And the most righteous will be kept away from it, the one who gives his wealth to purify himself, and no one has any favor with Him to be repaid, except seeking the Face of his Lord, the Most High. And he will be pleased."
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The Shaykh : Then He, Mighty and Majestic, said: [Al-Layl 92:11].
[Al-Layl 92:11] We want the experts in Arabic grammar to parse "ma yaghni" (what avails). O my brothers, Arabic is your tongue; it was incumbent upon you to take care of it. Please, you.
The student: "Ma" is a negation particle with no grammatical position. "Yaghni" is a present tense verb, raised, with the dammah as its sign of elevation.
The Shaykh : Details of what is needed. So, "ma" is a negation.
The student: "Yaghni" is a present tense verb.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: Its sign of elevation is the dammah, but its appearance is prevented by heaviness. The doer is a hidden pronoun.
The Shaykh : No, the doer is present.
The student: "Al-mal" (wealth).
The Shaykh : Meaning "his wealth."
The student: Is there anything left?
The Shaykh : Is there a second possibility in? "Ma." "Ma" is not a verbal noun, that is correct. Could it be an interrogative noun? Meaning, what thing avails him of his wealth when he perishes? Is this meaning acceptable or not?
The student: Acceptable.
The Shaykh : "Ma yaghni" means his wealth will not avail him anything when he perishes. This is the one who was stingy and considered himself self-sufficient and denied the best [reward]. When he perishes, his wealth will not avail him anything. This means "ma" is a negation. But could we make it an interrogative noun? Meaning, what thing avails him of his wealth when he perishes? Yes.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : But say it is sufficient to say it is an interrogative.
And what will his wealth avail him when he falls?
وما يغني عنه ماله إذا تردىAnd what will his wealth avail him when he falls?
ما يغني عنه ماله إذا تردىThe student: "Ma" is a negation particle with no grammatical position. "Yaghni" is a present tense verb, raised, with the dammah as its sign of elevation.
The Shaykh : Details of what is needed. So, "ma" is a negation.
The student: "Yaghni" is a present tense verb.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: Its sign of elevation is the dammah, but its appearance is prevented by heaviness. The doer is a hidden pronoun.
The Shaykh : No, the doer is present.
The student: "Al-mal" (wealth).
The Shaykh : Meaning "his wealth."
The student: Is there anything left?
The Shaykh : Is there a second possibility in
not
ماThe student: Acceptable.
The Shaykh : "Ma yaghni" means his wealth will not avail him anything when he perishes. This is the one who was stingy and considered himself self-sufficient and denied the best [reward]. When he perishes, his wealth will not avail him anything. This means "ma" is a negation. But could we make it an interrogative noun? Meaning, what thing avails him of his wealth when he perishes? Yes.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : But say it is sufficient to say it is an interrogative.