What is the ruling on changing the intention in some acts of worship, such as a man who entered the state of ihram for Hajj as an individual, but when he reached Makkah he wanted to change his intention to that of a Qarin or Mutamatti'? What is the ruling on that?
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The questioner : May Allah reward you. The questioner asks: What is the ruling on changing the intention in some acts of worship, such as a man who entered the state of ihram for Hajj as an individual, but when he reached Makkah he wanted to change his intention to that of a Qarin or Mutamatti'? What is the ruling on that?
The Shaykh : The reality is that Hajj, my brothers, has rulings different from the rulings of other acts of worship. If a person enters the state of ihram for Hajj or 'Umrah and then wants to annul it, saying, "I bear witness that I have invalidated my ihram," that is not permissible and it does not become invalid. However, if he is fasting and says, "I bear witness that I have invalidated my fast," it becomes invalid. If he is praying and says he has invalidated his prayer, it becomes invalid. But with Hajj, it is not possible, it is not possible to exit from Hajj or 'Umrah except by one of three matters. Listen to them:
Completing the Hajj or 'Umrah, and this is clear.
The second is being prevented. Being prevented means being stopped from reaching the House. In that case, he may exit the state of ihram, but he must offer a sacrificial animal. The evidence is the saying of Allah the Exalted:[Al-Baqarah 2:196] meaning you were prevented from completing them [Al-Baqarah 2:196] This is in the Qur'an and in the Sunnah. When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was prevented in the year of Hudaybiyyah from completing 'Umrah, he and his companions (peace and blessings be upon him) exited the state of ihram and slaughtered sacrificial animals. How many? Complete it.
The third is if he made a condition. If a person, when entering the state of ihram, fears that he will not be able to complete his rites, either due to an illness he has or for some other reason, and he says, "If I am prevented by a preventer, then my place of exiting the state of ihram is where I am prevented," then if the preventer occurs, he exits the state of ihram and no sacrificial animal is required of him. This is with regard to the pilgrim. Accordingly, if a person enters the state of ihram for Hajj as an individual and then wants to convert it to 'Umrah so that he becomes a Mutamatti', this is permissible, indeed it is the best and most complete, except if he has brought the sacrificial animal. The evidence for this is that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in the Farewell Pilgrimage arrived in Makkah, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was a Qarin because he had the sacrificial animal with him. His companions, some were in the state of ihram for 'Umrah, such as the wives of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and some were in the state of ihram for Hajj. This was detailed in the hadith of 'A'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) that the Companions divided into three groups: the individual, the second the Qarin, and the third the Mutamatti'. So the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) ordered those who were individuals or Qarin to make it 'Umrah, except those who had brought the sacrificial animal. He ordered them to make it 'Umrah and exit the state of ihram, to perform tawaf and sa'y, and to shorten their hair. Do you know when he decided on that for them? He decided on it after the sa'y. That is, when he arrived in Makkah, he and his companions performed tawaf and sa'y, each according to his intention: the individual as an individual, the Qarin as a Qarin, and the Mutamatti' as a Mutamatti'. When the last tawaf was on al-Marwah, he ordered them and made it obligatory upon them to make it 'Umrah. So imagine, my brother, the tawaf was intended for what? For Hajj or for Qiran. Now, when they intended it as 'Umrah, the previous state of individual Hajj or Qiran turned into 'Umrah, into 'Umrah, making him a Mutamatti'. And accordingly, here the intention changed. But in prayer, if you convert a specific prayer to a general one, there is no harm. If you convert a specific one to another specific one, no. If you convert a general one to a specific one, no. Clear, clear. Listen: if you convert a general one to a specific one, yes or no?
The questioner : ... .
The Shaykh : O Allah, send blessings upon Muhammad. O Allah
The Shaykh : The reality is that Hajj, my brothers, has rulings different from the rulings of other acts of worship. If a person enters the state of ihram for Hajj or 'Umrah and then wants to annul it, saying, "I bear witness that I have invalidated my ihram," that is not permissible and it does not become invalid. However, if he is fasting and says, "I bear witness that I have invalidated my fast," it becomes invalid. If he is praying and says he has invalidated his prayer, it becomes invalid. But with Hajj, it is not possible, it is not possible to exit from Hajj or 'Umrah except by one of three matters. Listen to them:
Completing the Hajj or 'Umrah, and this is clear.
The second is being prevented. Being prevented means being stopped from reaching the House. In that case, he may exit the state of ihram, but he must offer a sacrificial animal. The evidence is the saying of Allah the Exalted:
And complete the Hajj and 'umrah for Allah. But if you are prevented
وأتموا الحج والعمرة لله فإن أحصرتمwhat can be obtained with ease of sacrificial animals
فما استيسر من الهديThe third is if he made a condition. If a person, when entering the state of ihram, fears that he will not be able to complete his rites, either due to an illness he has or for some other reason, and he says, "If I am prevented by a preventer, then my place of exiting the state of ihram is where I am prevented," then if the preventer occurs, he exits the state of ihram and no sacrificial animal is required of him. This is with regard to the pilgrim. Accordingly, if a person enters the state of ihram for Hajj as an individual and then wants to convert it to 'Umrah so that he becomes a Mutamatti', this is permissible, indeed it is the best and most complete, except if he has brought the sacrificial animal. The evidence for this is that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in the Farewell Pilgrimage arrived in Makkah, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was a Qarin because he had the sacrificial animal with him. His companions, some were in the state of ihram for 'Umrah, such as the wives of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and some were in the state of ihram for Hajj. This was detailed in the hadith of 'A'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) that the Companions divided into three groups: the individual, the second the Qarin, and the third the Mutamatti'. So the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) ordered those who were individuals or Qarin to make it 'Umrah, except those who had brought the sacrificial animal. He ordered them to make it 'Umrah and exit the state of ihram, to perform tawaf and sa'y, and to shorten their hair. Do you know when he decided on that for them? He decided on it after the sa'y. That is, when he arrived in Makkah, he and his companions performed tawaf and sa'y, each according to his intention: the individual as an individual, the Qarin as a Qarin, and the Mutamatti' as a Mutamatti'. When the last tawaf was on al-Marwah, he ordered them and made it obligatory upon them to make it 'Umrah. So imagine, my brother, the tawaf was intended for what? For Hajj or for Qiran. Now, when they intended it as 'Umrah, the previous state of individual Hajj or Qiran turned into 'Umrah, into 'Umrah, making him a Mutamatti'. And accordingly, here the intention changed. But in prayer, if you convert a specific prayer to a general one, there is no harm. If you convert a specific one to another specific one, no. If you convert a general one to a specific one, no. Clear, clear. Listen: if you convert a general one to a specific one, yes or no?
The questioner : ... .
The Shaykh : O Allah, send blessings upon Muhammad. O Allah