Explanation of the Book on the Beginning of Revelation, Faith, and Knowledge-10b
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The reciter: Abdullah ibn Muhammad narrated to us, saying: Abd al-Malik ibn Amr al-Aqdi narrated to us, saying: Sulayman ibn Bilal al-Madani narrated to us from Rabi'ah ibn Abi Abd al-Rahman from Yazid, the freed slave of al-Munba'ith, from Zayd ibn Khalid al-Juhani Sahih al-Bukhari 91.
The Shaykh : Yes. Lost property means lost wealth, such as dirhams, for example. He said. The knot means the string with which it is tied, and the binding refers to the manner of tying, meaning how the string is tied: is it one knot or two? Is it a firm knot or a slipknot? You know what a slipknot is.
The student: No.
The Shaykh : No, you do not know what a slipknot is. A slipknot is when one does it like this; do you see now? Then, if he wishes to untie it, he does it like this. This is Muhammad al-Salim; he calls it a "takakkah," and I think he explained the obscure with something more obscure. But in any case, this is the slipknot. One must know how it is tied and know the container. What is it? Leather, plastic, or cloth? One must know. Then, after a year, after identifying it for a year, he may make use of it, meaning he is permitted to make use of it, meaning that before that, he is not; he keeps it and does not dispose of it.
For example, if one finds a bundle of ten thousand riyals, we tell him to keep it with him and identify it for a year. Every day, or how? Some scholars said it is according to custom, because the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) specified the time but did not clarify how the identification is to be done. Some said the first week, every day, then every Friday, then every month, until the year is complete. But this estimation requires evidence, so we say that in this matter, one should refer to custom regarding the extent of the identification.
And how is the identification done? In the past, the lands were gathered together, so it was delegated to a man among the people who would walk in the market when the people came and gathered in the market, searching for its owner. But now, the lands have spread out, and every one of our countries has grown greatly. So there is a questioner among them: publish it in the newspapers, especially if the matter is significant, meaning the lost property is of great value, or in announcements on the doors of mosques, or the like. And upon whom is the cost of identification? It was said upon the finder, because the Messenger said: "Identify it," so he obligated the finder to identify it. If the identification commanded by the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) cannot be completed without expense, then it is upon you, "What is necessary for the completion of an obligatory act is itself obligatory". It was also said that it is upon the owner of the lost property when he finds it, meaning upon the owner of the lost property when he finds it, because the identification is for whose benefit? It is for the benefit of its owner. It was also said that it is upon the public treasury, because this is among the public interests. This matter returns to the public treasury, and the closest view is that it returns to its owner, because the benefit is for him, and the public treasury is respected for the interests of the Muslims, not to pay off the debts of one person or two.
In this hadith, there is the permissibility of using the term "Lord" (Rabb) for other than Allah (Mighty and Majestic), and "Lord" with the definite article is not permissible except for Allah, as came in the authentic hadith:Sahih Muslim 479a And in the hadith also: Sunan an-Nasa'i 5Sahih (Darussalam) As for "Lord" when used as a possessive, it is applied to the owner, even if he is not the Lord of the worlds (Mighty and Majestic). Then he asked about lost camels, and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) became angry. He became angry, why? Because if lost camels are left, they go to their owner, drinking water and eating trees until their owner finds them. The scholars (may Allah have mercy on them) included in this everything that is safe from the wolf and the like, from the small beasts of prey, such as
The student: Cattle.
The Shaykh : Like a cow. A cow is safe from the wolf; if the wolf came to eat it, it could not. What about a donkey? Some scholars said that it is safe, but reality testifies to the contrary, that the donkey is not safe from the wolf. In fact, when the donkey smells the wolf, it stands still, yes, as if it is saying, "Please, come." And what is not safe from the wolf and its like, this is the reality. The scholars said, and likewise, what is safe from the beasts of prey by its speed, not by its strength and endurance, by its speed, such as gazelles, or by its flight, such as pigeons and falcons, and the like. So the rule is that anything that is safe from the small beasts of prey, it is not permissible to pick it up. It was mentioned a few nights ago that an exception is made for this, if what? If one fears for it from highway robbers, then in this case, he is permitted to pick it up, if we do not say that it is obligatory.
The Prophet (ﷺ) replied, "Recognize and remember its tying material and its container, and make public announcement (about it) for one year, then utilize it but give it to its owner if he comes." Then the person asked about the lost camel. On that, the Prophet (ﷺ) got angry and his cheeks or his Face became red and he said, "You have no concern with it as it has its water container, and its feet and it will reach water, and eat (the leaves) of trees till its owner finds it." The man then asked about the lost sheep. The Prophet (ﷺ) replied, "It is either for you, for your brother (another person) or for the wolf."
أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم سأله رجل عن اللقطة فقال: اعرف وكاءها أو قال وعاءها وعفاصها ثم عرفها سنةً ثم استمتع بها فإن جاء ربها فأدها إليه قال: فضالة الإبل فغضب حتى احمرت وجنتاه وقال: احمر وجهه فقال وما لك ولها معها سقاؤها وحذاؤها ترد الماء وترعى الشجر فذرها حتى يلقاها ربها قال فضالة الغنم قال لك أو لأخيك أو للذئبThe Shaykh : Yes. Lost property means lost wealth, such as dirhams, for example. He said
Identify its knot, or he said, its container, and its binding.
اعرف وكائها ، أو قال وعائها وعفاصهاThe student: No.
The Shaykh : No, you do not know what a slipknot is. A slipknot is when one does it like this; do you see now? Then, if he wishes to untie it, he does it like this. This is Muhammad al-Salim; he calls it a "takakkah," and I think he explained the obscure with something more obscure. But in any case, this is the slipknot. One must know how it is tied and know the container. What is it? Leather, plastic, or cloth? One must know. Then, after a year, after identifying it for a year, he may make use of it, meaning he is permitted to make use of it, meaning that before that, he is not; he keeps it and does not dispose of it.
For example, if one finds a bundle of ten thousand riyals, we tell him to keep it with him and identify it for a year. Every day, or how? Some scholars said it is according to custom, because the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) specified the time but did not clarify how the identification is to be done. Some said the first week, every day, then every Friday, then every month, until the year is complete. But this estimation requires evidence, so we say that in this matter, one should refer to custom regarding the extent of the identification.
And how is the identification done? In the past, the lands were gathered together, so it was delegated to a man among the people who would walk in the market when the people came and gathered in the market, searching for its owner. But now, the lands have spread out, and every one of our countries has grown greatly. So there is a questioner among them: publish it in the newspapers, especially if the matter is significant, meaning the lost property is of great value, or in announcements on the doors of mosques, or the like. And upon whom is the cost of identification? It was said upon the finder, because the Messenger said: "Identify it," so he obligated the finder to identify it. If the identification commanded by the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) cannot be completed without expense, then it is upon you, "What is necessary for the completion of an obligatory act is itself obligatory". It was also said that it is upon the owner of the lost property when he finds it, meaning upon the owner of the lost property when he finds it, because the identification is for whose benefit? It is for the benefit of its owner. It was also said that it is upon the public treasury, because this is among the public interests. This matter returns to the public treasury, and the closest view is that it returns to its owner, because the benefit is for him, and the public treasury is respected for the interests of the Muslims, not to pay off the debts of one person or two.
In this hadith, there is the permissibility of using the term "Lord" (Rabb) for other than Allah (Mighty and Majestic), and "Lord" with the definite article is not permissible except for Allah, as came in the authentic hadith:
So far as Ruk'u is concerned, extol in it the Great and Glorious Lord
أما الركوع فعظموا فيه الربSiwak is a means of purification for the mouth and is pleasing to the Lord.
السواك مطهرة للفم مرضاة للربThe student: Cattle.
The Shaykh : Like a cow. A cow is safe from the wolf; if the wolf came to eat it, it could not. What about a donkey? Some scholars said that it is safe, but reality testifies to the contrary, that the donkey is not safe from the wolf. In fact, when the donkey smells the wolf, it stands still, yes, as if it is saying, "Please, come." And what is not safe from the wolf and its like, this is the reality. The scholars said, and likewise, what is safe from the beasts of prey by its speed, not by its strength and endurance, by its speed, such as gazelles, or by its flight, such as pigeons and falcons, and the like. So the rule is that anything that is safe from the small beasts of prey, it is not permissible to pick it up. It was mentioned a few nights ago that an exception is made for this, if what? If one fears for it from highway robbers, then in this case, he is permitted to pick it up, if we do not say that it is obligatory.