Benefits of the Hadith Encouraging Women to Give Charity, with Explanation
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The Shaykh : It contains a benefit, which is: What is the wisdom behind the fact that the sermon for the two festivals is delivered after the prayer, while the Friday sermon is delivered before the prayer?
The scholars said: Because the Friday sermon is a condition for the validity of the Friday prayer, and a condition must necessarily precede the thing conditioned by it. As for the festival sermon, it is not a condition, but rather a recommended practice (sunnah) for the sake of reminding people. Therefore, it is permissible for a person to leave immediately after the prayer without listening to the festival sermon, because it is not obligatory, but rather a recommended practice (sunnah). Thus, it becomes something that follows the prayer. On Friday, however, it is something that precedes the prayer, because it is a condition.
In the statement of Ibn AbbasSunan Ibn Majah 1292Hasan (Darussalam), many scholars derived the ruling that the greeting of the mosque (tahiyat al-masjid) is not recommended for the festival prayer ground. They reasoned this by saying that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) did not pray before it or after it. Is this argument correct? It is not correct. Why? Because the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) considered the festival prayer sufficient in place of the greeting of the mosque. He did not come before the people and pray the greeting of the mosque while they were waiting for him. So it was appropriate for him to begin with the prayer, and this prayer suffices in place of the greeting of the mosque. As for after it, yes, because after it he would stand up and deliver the sermon to the people.
Based on this, we say: If you come to the festival prayer ground, do you pray the greeting of the mosque or not? We look to see if the festival prayer ground is a mosque or not. Brother Muhammad nods his head to indicate that it is not. We say: It is a mosque. The evidence that it is a mosque is that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) established for it the rulings of a mosque, where he ordered menstruating women to stay away from the prayer ground. If it were not a mosque, he would not have ordered them to stay away from the prayer ground. So, once it is established that it is a mosque, we say it falls under the generality of the statement of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him):Sahih al-Bukhari 1167. If someone says: What if one comes before the sun rises, meaning after the Fajr prayer, or comes before the sun has risen the length of a spear, thus arriving at a time of prohibition? Does he pray?
We say: This depends on whether it is permissible to perform voluntary prayers with a cause during the times of prohibition or not. If we say they are not performed, we tell him not to pray. If we say they are performed, which is the stronger position, we tell him to pray.
Accordingly, whoever comes to the festival prayer ground before the sun rises, or before it has risen the length of a spear, or after that, should not sit until he prays two rak'ahs. This is because there is no evidence that he should not pray. If there were evidence, we would say it is upon our eyes and heads, but there is no clear evidence.
But do you rebuke the one who sat down or not? This depends on an important issue, which is that in matters of independent legal reasoning (ijtihad) where such reasoning is permissible, no one rebukes another for it. However, guiding them is fine.
Therefore, whoever comes and sits in the festival prayer ground is not rebuked, and whoever prays is not rebuked. But which of the two is more in accordance with the evidence? The one who prays. There is no doubt about this. This is a rule that a person should keep in mind: in matters of independent legal reasoning where there is no clear text, no one rebukes another.
Now, if a person believes that smoking is permissible and you believe it is not permissible, do you rebuke him? Smoking? No, there are absolutely no texts. There are no texts that explicitly mention smoking. These are matters of independent legal reasoning that can be refuted, but we do not like to discuss refutation in this matter unless it is by those with recorders. Yes... I do not know of anyone who issues a fatwa to pray, but I issue a fatwa to that effect and say he should pray, even if it is before the sun has risen the length of a spear. This is because entering the mosque is one of the causes for the permissibility of prayer, and there is no prohibition regarding voluntary prayers with a cause. Nevertheless, we do not rebuke the one who sat down.
Now, people come in whom we see entering after the 'Asr prayer and not praying the greeting of the mosque. But if you know that he is an ordinary person who does not know, then at that time you tell him: "My brother, do not sit until you pray two rak'ahs." However, if you know that he is a student of knowledge who disagrees with you in opinion, do not rebuke him. Yes.
The questioner : ...
The scholars said: Because the Friday sermon is a condition for the validity of the Friday prayer, and a condition must necessarily precede the thing conditioned by it. As for the festival sermon, it is not a condition, but rather a recommended practice (sunnah) for the sake of reminding people. Therefore, it is permissible for a person to leave immediately after the prayer without listening to the festival sermon, because it is not obligatory, but rather a recommended practice (sunnah). Thus, it becomes something that follows the prayer. On Friday, however, it is something that precedes the prayer, because it is a condition.
In the statement of Ibn Abbas
did not pray before or after
لم يصل قبلها ولا بعدهاBased on this, we say: If you come to the festival prayer ground, do you pray the greeting of the mosque or not? We look to see if the festival prayer ground is a mosque or not. Brother Muhammad nods his head to indicate that it is not. We say: It is a mosque. The evidence that it is a mosque is that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) established for it the rulings of a mosque, where he ordered menstruating women to stay away from the prayer ground. If it were not a mosque, he would not have ordered them to stay away from the prayer ground. So, once it is established that it is a mosque, we say it falls under the generality of the statement of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him):
If anyone of you enters a Mosque, he should not sit until he has offered a tworak` at prayer.
إذا دخل أحدكم المسجد فلا يجلس حتى يصلي ركعتينWe say: This depends on whether it is permissible to perform voluntary prayers with a cause during the times of prohibition or not. If we say they are not performed, we tell him not to pray. If we say they are performed, which is the stronger position, we tell him to pray.
Accordingly, whoever comes to the festival prayer ground before the sun rises, or before it has risen the length of a spear, or after that, should not sit until he prays two rak'ahs. This is because there is no evidence that he should not pray. If there were evidence, we would say it is upon our eyes and heads, but there is no clear evidence.
But do you rebuke the one who sat down or not? This depends on an important issue, which is that in matters of independent legal reasoning (ijtihad) where such reasoning is permissible, no one rebukes another for it. However, guiding them is fine.
Therefore, whoever comes and sits in the festival prayer ground is not rebuked, and whoever prays is not rebuked. But which of the two is more in accordance with the evidence? The one who prays. There is no doubt about this. This is a rule that a person should keep in mind: in matters of independent legal reasoning where there is no clear text, no one rebukes another.
Now, if a person believes that smoking is permissible and you believe it is not permissible, do you rebuke him? Smoking? No, there are absolutely no texts. There are no texts that explicitly mention smoking. These are matters of independent legal reasoning that can be refuted, but we do not like to discuss refutation in this matter unless it is by those with recorders. Yes... I do not know of anyone who issues a fatwa to pray, but I issue a fatwa to that effect and say he should pray, even if it is before the sun has risen the length of a spear. This is because entering the mosque is one of the causes for the permissibility of prayer, and there is no prohibition regarding voluntary prayers with a cause. Nevertheless, we do not rebuke the one who sat down.
Now, people come in whom we see entering after the 'Asr prayer and not praying the greeting of the mosque. But if you know that he is an ordinary person who does not know, then at that time you tell him: "My brother, do not sit until you pray two rak'ahs." However, if you know that he is a student of knowledge who disagrees with you in opinion, do not rebuke him. Yes.
The questioner : ...