Among the benefits of the verse is the warning against doctrinal and practical hypocrisy and the clarification of the signs of the hypocrite.
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The Shaykh : In conclusion to this commentary, I warn people against hypocrisy. Where does hypocrisy reside? In the heart. Because the hypocrite’s outward actions appear sound, but his heart is corrupt, concealing disbelief. I warn my brothers against doctrinal and practical hypocrisy. What did we say? Good. Perfectly, letter by letter, and movement by movement. Rest now. Good. Listen, man. I warn my brothers against practical and doctrinal hypocrisy. As for doctrinal hypocrisy, thank Allah, a person knows himself and that he is a believer in Allah (Mighty and Majestic). But practical, practical. Practical hypocrisy has examples, among which is lying. Lying is a sign of hypocrisy. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Sahih Muslim 59a So whoever lies in his speech is upon a characteristic of hypocrisy, and I seek refuge in Allah. Are you with me? Yes. Whether he is serious or joking, even if he lies to make people laugh, he falls under the hadith. And a specific warning came regarding it: Bulugh al-Maram 16:80. I heard some of the common people, and the common people are like insects, and insects are like flies, saying that lying is of two types. Listen, jurisprudence says lying is of two types: white and black. White and black. They say, yes, if the lying entails the oppression of one whose oppression is not permissible, and oppression is forbidden in all cases, then if it entails oppression, it is forbidden. And this is the black one. And if it does not entail oppression, it is lawful, and this is the white one. Did you see the classification? A wonderful classification if it were correct. But this is a lie. We say all lying is black, or not? Is there anything built? No. Is there white? No. They say, Glory be to Allah, is not lying permissible in reconciling people? They say this is white. This is white. Good. Is not lying permissible in war, if you meet your enemy and he says, who is behind you? You say, behind me is a large number and strong numbers, so that the enemy is terrified. Is it permissible? Is it a lie or not? It is a lie, man. Good. Is not a man telling his wife a lie for the sake of reconciliation? He says, I am a merchant, I have much wealth, ask for whatever you want from me. But you do not take a single thread. Yes, is this permissible? Good. They say, then this is white lying, because the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) permitted lying in war, in reconciling people, and in a husband telling his wife and a wife telling her husband. But this does not mean that this ruling is based on this hadith; it is not correct. Rather, what is meant by lying in the hadith is euphemism, not explicit lying. Euphemism, and euphemism is called lying, as Ibrahim (peace be upon him) said when people asked him for intercession on the Day of Resurrection, that he lied in three things, and he did not lie. But he used euphemism. And it was said that what is meant by lying in the hadith is euphemism. In war, if a person lies in war, it must be interpreted. It is interpreted. So the apparent meaning to the addressee is contrary to what is in his heart, and what is in his heart is in accordance with reality. So if what is in his heart is contrary to the apparent meaning, but what is in his heart is in accordance with what? With reality. They say this is lying, because the addressee understands something other than what is in your heart. And euphemism is permissible if there is a benefit in it.
Also, reconciling people: you go to a man who has enmity with another person, and you say, O so-and-so, what is your problem with the man? What is wrong with you? The man says, this one speaks about me and talks about me, and says and says. So you say, he never said this. You know that he said it. But you say he did not say this. So you know that he spoke about him and criticized him. And you say he did not say this. Yes, I say he did not say this, but I interpret it. How do I interpret it? I say he did not say this in your presence. Does it reconcile or not? It appears that you did not understand the issue. Ha. He said to the reconciler, tell him, this one speaks about me and speaks about my honor and exposes me to people... He says this is true, he spoke about his honor and exposed him. So you say he never said this, and you intend he did not say this ten days ago. And he said it two days ago. Does it reconcile or not? Does it reconcile? Good. Is this a lie or not? According to the apparent meaning that the addressee believes, it is a lie, but according to reality. No, on the contrary, according to reality it is a lie, because he did speak about him. According to what appears to the addressee, it is true. The addressee thinks that he never insulted him. And you want [him to think] he did not insult him in any state, meaning he did not insult him ten days ago, but he insulted him two days ago. Clear? Good. A man came to Imam Ahmad (may Allah have mercy on him), Ahmad ibn Hanbal, the Imam of the people of the Sunnah. He came to him asking, saying, where is al-Marwadi? Al-Marwadi is one of the students of Imam Ahmad, one of the students. Where is al-Marwadi? Al-Marwadi was present. He said, al-Marwadi is not here. Al-Marwadi is not here. And what is al-Marwadi doing here? Al-Marwadi is not here, and what is al-Marwadi doing here? The man left. Imam Ahmad says, here, meaning yes? In his hand, not in his hand, correct. But he is in the assembly. This is called interpretation. And interpretation is when a person intends by his word what is contrary to its apparent meaning. They say this is the lying in reconciling people.
A husband telling his wife and a husband telling his wife, this also means interpretation. And it is not valid except in a state where the interpretation is better. Have you seen if a man lies to his wife and says, I will do such and such. I will bring you jewelry. I will bring you clothes, adornment. Yes, I will bring a servant. I will bring a beautiful car, shaded, with everything in it. But he lies to her, man. She says, man, you promised me. He says, yes. And he lies, he did not bring her even a head covering. But he lies to her to attract her. What is the result if she knows that the man is lying? Answer, people. The result is bad. This woman will not believe him in anything. And there will be something in her heart against him more than before. If it is true lying. Likewise, a woman says to her husband, you went to the market, you went out to the market, you went out wandering in the markets. She says, I never went out, she lies to him. Is this permissible or not? It is not permissible. So if the man knows that she goes out, his hatred for her increases. And lying to a woman is permissible in interpretation. It is permissible to interpret. If the wife says to him, by Allah, I know from myself that I am not with you.
Three are the signs of a hypocrite: when he spoke he told a lie
آية المنافق ثلاث : إذا حدث كذبWoe to him who lies in his talk to make the people laugh, Woe to him! Woe to him!
ويل لمن حدث فكذب ليضحك به القوم ويل له ثم ويل لهAlso, reconciling people: you go to a man who has enmity with another person, and you say, O so-and-so, what is your problem with the man? What is wrong with you? The man says, this one speaks about me and talks about me, and says and says. So you say, he never said this. You know that he said it. But you say he did not say this. So you know that he spoke about him and criticized him. And you say he did not say this. Yes, I say he did not say this, but I interpret it. How do I interpret it? I say he did not say this in your presence. Does it reconcile or not? It appears that you did not understand the issue. Ha. He said to the reconciler, tell him, this one speaks about me and speaks about my honor and exposes me to people... He says this is true, he spoke about his honor and exposed him. So you say he never said this, and you intend he did not say this ten days ago. And he said it two days ago. Does it reconcile or not? Does it reconcile? Good. Is this a lie or not? According to the apparent meaning that the addressee believes, it is a lie, but according to reality. No, on the contrary, according to reality it is a lie, because he did speak about him. According to what appears to the addressee, it is true. The addressee thinks that he never insulted him. And you want [him to think] he did not insult him in any state, meaning he did not insult him ten days ago, but he insulted him two days ago. Clear? Good. A man came to Imam Ahmad (may Allah have mercy on him), Ahmad ibn Hanbal, the Imam of the people of the Sunnah. He came to him asking, saying, where is al-Marwadi? Al-Marwadi is one of the students of Imam Ahmad, one of the students. Where is al-Marwadi? Al-Marwadi was present. He said, al-Marwadi is not here. Al-Marwadi is not here. And what is al-Marwadi doing here? Al-Marwadi is not here, and what is al-Marwadi doing here? The man left. Imam Ahmad says, here, meaning yes? In his hand, not in his hand, correct. But he is in the assembly. This is called interpretation. And interpretation is when a person intends by his word what is contrary to its apparent meaning. They say this is the lying in reconciling people.
A husband telling his wife and a husband telling his wife, this also means interpretation. And it is not valid except in a state where the interpretation is better. Have you seen if a man lies to his wife and says, I will do such and such. I will bring you jewelry. I will bring you clothes, adornment. Yes, I will bring a servant. I will bring a beautiful car, shaded, with everything in it. But he lies to her, man. She says, man, you promised me. He says, yes. And he lies, he did not bring her even a head covering. But he lies to her to attract her. What is the result if she knows that the man is lying? Answer, people. The result is bad. This woman will not believe him in anything. And there will be something in her heart against him more than before. If it is true lying. Likewise, a woman says to her husband, you went to the market, you went out to the market, you went out wandering in the markets. She says, I never went out, she lies to him. Is this permissible or not? It is not permissible. So if the man knows that she goes out, his hatred for her increases. And lying to a woman is permissible in interpretation. It is permissible to interpret. If the wife says to him, by Allah, I know from myself that I am not with you.