Clarification of the statement of 'Umar ibn al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) regarding the story of Hatib ibn Abi Balta'ah (may Allah be pleased with him), where he said
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The Shaykh : We return to your doubt regarding 'Umar's statement: "Let me cut the throat of this hypocrite." Also, this point, in my opinion, is very important, which is that we must know that hypocrisy is exactly like disbelief. Just as disbelief is divided into practical and creedal, so too is hypocrisy divided into: practical hypocrisy and creedal hypocrisy.
So the question, for example, regarding the verse:[An-Nisa 4:145] What type of hypocrisy is this hypocrisy of theirs? It is heart hypocrisy. And what does heart hypocrisy mean? They display Islam and conceal disbelief. So these people are in the lowest depth of the Fire. There is a type of hypocrisy that is the opposite of this; they display faith and display the actions of the disbelievers and the wicked. The evidence for that is a hadith in "al-Sahihayn": Sahih al-Bukhari 33 Is this hypocrite of the same type as that hypocrite?
Another questioner: No.
The Shaykh : Absolutely not. That one is a polytheist, eternally in the Fire. This one is a Muslim, a believer, a monotheist, yet he was called a hypocrite. Why? Because this believer... believes in what came to him from his Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and among what came from his Prophet is:Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1264Da'if (Darussalam) So his faith obligates him, if he is trusted, not to betray. But he betrays. His betrayal is an action and a deed that contradicts his faith, for this is not permissible to come from a Muslim. Therefore, the scholars called this type of hypocrisy practical hypocrisy. Practical hypocrisy is like practical disbelief; both may occur from a Muslim, but it does not make him a disbeliever. As for creedal hypocrisy, it is like creedal disbelief; this is what our Lord (Blessed and Exalted is He) does not forgive, and He forgives what is less than that for whom He wills.
In the same manner as 'Umar came— and this is part of his jurisprudence— saying: "Let me kill this hypocrite." Why? Because his action is not the action of Muslims; it is the action of disbelievers. He supported the disbelievers, sending to them that the Messenger wants to raid you, and so on. So do not understand, O professor, that 'Umar's statement: "Let me kill this hypocrite" means that he committed heart hypocrisy; that is, that 'Umar ruled that he was of the type of His (the Exalted) saying: "the disbelievers" [An-Nisa 4:145].
Another questioner : .
The Shaykh : Yes?
Another questioner : .
The Shaykh[An-Nisa 4:145] This is not what 'Umar meant. Rather, he meant the type of hypocrisy: ; that is, practical hypocrisy is that the Muslim acts contrary to what he knows of his Shari'ah. The Shari'ah commands him to fulfill the trust, and he betrays, to the end of the hadith. So, "Let me kill him, for he is a hypocrite" is practical hypocrisy.
The questioner : ... that he commits practical hypocrisy ... .
The Shaykh : ... .
The questioner: Meaning his ruling, that he commits practical hypocrisy, like betraying a trust.
The Shaykh: Yes.
The questioner :Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1264Da'if (Darussalam) .
The Shaykh: I understood. What are you asking about?
The questioner: His ruling.
The Shaykh: His ruling?
The questioner: Is he killed?
The Shaykh: He is an open sinner. No, he is not killed.
The questioner: Okay, and how did 'Umar want to kill that hypocrite?
The Shaykh: 'Umar made a mistake.
The questioner: Excellent. So Ibn al-Qayyim made a mistake when he says ... .
The Shaykh: And he made a mistake, if 'Umar made a mistake and ... .
The questioner: This is not a new statement.
The Shaykh : Which one?
The questioner: We do not follow individuals.
The Shaykh : Yes, yes.
The questioner: What I said is from the words of the scholars of theology. This is a sign. This is 'Umar's statement that he is a hypocrite who is ruled to be killed, and so on. Because he displayed support for the polytheists. So he was a disbeliever in this. The verses are explicit on this matter. If it was justified or explained... this attribute is in many explicit verses on the subject.
The Shaykh: No problem, we ... .
The questioner: ... there is no, meaning ... belief without action regarding displaying support and allegiance to the polytheists, for example.
The Shaykh: No problem, have we finished with this hadith?
The questioner: Yes, this one.
The Shaykh: We are finished ... .
-- ... --
The questioner: ... the action that he did ... was not ... .
The Shaykh: Yes, and that it was practical hypocrisy.
Fine.
So the question, for example, regarding the verse:
Indeed, the hypocrites will be in the lowest depths of the Fire
إِنَّ الْمُنَافِقِينَ فِي الدَّرْكِ الْأَسْفَلِ مِنَ النَّارِThe signs of a hypocrite are three: 1. Whenever he speaks, he tells a lie. 2. Whenever he promises, he always breaks it (his promise ). 3. If you trust him, he proves to be dishonest.
آية المنافق ثلاث : إذا حدَّثَ كذب ، وإذا وَعَدَ أخلَفَ ، وإذا اؤتُمِنَ خانَAnother questioner: No.
The Shaykh : Absolutely not. That one is a polytheist, eternally in the Fire. This one is a Muslim, a believer, a monotheist, yet he was called a hypocrite. Why? Because this believer... believes in what came to him from his Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and among what came from his Prophet is:
Fulfill the trust for the one who entrusted you, and do not cheat the one who cheated you.
أدِّ الأمانة إلى مَن ائتمنك ولا تَخُنْ مَن خانكIn the same manner as
The sign of the hypocrite is three
آية المنافق ثلاثIndeed
إِنَّin the lowest depths of the Fire
فِي الدَّرْكِ الْأَسْفَلِ مِنَ النَّارِAnother questioner :
the hypocrites
الْمُنَافِقِينَThe Shaykh : Yes?
Another questioner :
Indeed, the hypocrites
إِنَّ الْمُنَافِقِينَThe Shaykh
Indeed, the hypocrites will be in the lowest depths of the Fire
إِنَّ الْمُنَافِقِينَ فِي الدَّرْكِ الْأَسْفَلِ مِنَ النَّارِThe sign of the hypocrite is three
آية المنافق ثلاثThe questioner : ... that he commits practical hypocrisy ... .
The Shaykh : ... .
The questioner: Meaning his ruling, that he commits practical hypocrisy, like betraying a trust.
The Shaykh: Yes.
The questioner :
Narrated Abu Hurairah: That the Prophet (ﷺ) said: "Fulfill the trust for the one who entrusted you, and do not cheat the one who cheated you." [Abu 'Eisa said:] This Hadith is Hasan Gharib. Some of the people of knowledge followed this Hadith, they said that when something belonging to a man is with another and he leaves (with it), then he has something that belongs to him, he may not withhold from him an equivalent to what the other took of his. Some of the people of knowledge among the Tabi'in allowed that. This is the view of Sufyan Ath-Thawri, he said: "If one man has some Dirham that belong to another, and the second has some Dinar belonging to the first, he may not withhold any in place of his Dirham, unless it so happens that he has some Dirham of his, then in that case he can withhold some of his Dirham equal to what he is owed by the first."
أدِّ الأمانة إلى مَن ائتمنكThe Shaykh: I understood. What are you asking about?
The questioner: His ruling.
The Shaykh: His ruling?
The questioner: Is he killed?
The Shaykh: He is an open sinner. No, he is not killed.
The questioner: Okay, and how did 'Umar want to kill that hypocrite?
The Shaykh: 'Umar made a mistake.
The questioner: Excellent. So Ibn al-Qayyim made a mistake when he says ... .
The Shaykh: And he made a mistake, if 'Umar made a mistake and ... .
The questioner: This is not a new statement.
The Shaykh : Which one?
The questioner: We do not follow individuals.
The Shaykh : Yes, yes.
The questioner: What I said is from the words of the scholars of theology. This is a sign. This is 'Umar's statement that he is a hypocrite who is ruled to be killed, and so on. Because he displayed support for the polytheists. So he was a disbeliever in this. The verses are explicit on this matter. If it was justified or explained... this attribute is in many explicit verses on the subject.
The Shaykh: No problem, we ... .
The questioner: ... there is no, meaning ... belief without action regarding displaying support and allegiance to the polytheists, for example.
The Shaykh: No problem, have we finished with this hadith?
The questioner: Yes, this one.
The Shaykh: We are finished ... .
-- ... --
The questioner: ... the action that he did ... was not ... .
The Shaykh: Yes, and that it was practical hypocrisy.
Fine.
Source
www.al-albany.com
The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.