Exegesis of Surat al-Inshiqaq from verse (7) to verse (15) and Surat al-Mutaffifin from verse (13) to verse (17).
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The Shaykh : Allah the Exalted says: [Al-Inshiqaq 84:7-8] When He mentioned that the servant, indeed, every human being, is striving toward his Lord, striving, meaning: working with diligence and energy. Meaning: that this work of his ends with Allah the Exalted, as Allah the Exalted said: [Hud 11:123] When He mentioned this, He said: [Al-Haqqah 69:19] [Al-Haqqah 69:19] "And was given" here is a passive verb form constructed for an unnamed agent, so who is giving it to him? It is possible it is from the angels or otherwise; we do not know. The important thing is that he is given his book in his right hand; he receives it with his right hand. [Al-Inshiqaq 84:8] Meaning: Allah the Exalted will account for him by reckoning his deeds against him, but it is an easy reckoning in which there is no difficulty, as the Sunnah has stated. And there is no doubt that this is an easy reckoning in which the favor of Allah upon the servant and his joy and gladness at it are apparent. [Al-Inshiqaq 84:8] And the one who accounts for him is Allah the Exalted, as He the Exalted said: [Al-Ghashiyah 88:25-26] [Al-Inshiqaq 84:8-9] He returns from the reckoning to his family in Paradise, rejoicing, meaning: his heart is rejoicing. And the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) informed that Sahih Muslim 2834a Then they are in degrees after that, and this indicates the joy of the heart, because when the heart is joyful, the face lights up. Allah the Exalted said: [Al-Inshiqaq 84:10-11] These are the wretched ones, and may Allah protect us from that. His book is given to him from behind his back, not from his right hand. And in the other verse in Surat al-Haqqah: [Al-Haqqah 69:25] So the taking is with the left hand, then his hand is twisted to the back, indicating that he turned his back to the Book of Allah the Exalted and did not care about it, did not raise his head for it, and did not see any harm in his disobedience: Meaning: he calls upon his own destruction, he calls upon himself for ruin, saying: "Woe to me, oh my woe," and the like of words of regret and grief. But this does not benefit him on that day, because the time for action has ended. The time for action is in this world, whereas in the Hereafter there is no action, only recompense. Meaning: he will enter the Fire that burns him, and may Allah protect us from that, and he will be immortalized in it forever because he is a disbeliever. [Al-Inshiqaq 84:13] He was in this world among his family rejoicing, but this joy was followed by permanent, continuous regret and sadness. Connect between what Allah the Exalted said about the one given his book in his right hand: And this, and may Allah protect us from that, was among his family rejoicing. You find the difference between the two joys: the first joy is permanent, and we ask Allah to make us and you among them. The second joy is fleeting; it has gone. [Al-Inshiqaq 84:13] As for now, there is no joy for him. [Al-Inshiqaq 84:14] [Al-Inshiqaq 84:14] Will he not return after death? Therefore, they denied the resurrection and said: there is no resurrection. And he said: [Ya-Sin 36:78] [Al-Inshiqaq 84:14] Allah the Exalted said: Meaning: he will turn and return. [Al-Inshiqaq 84:15] Meaning: he will return to Allah the Exalted, who is All-Seeing of his deeds, and He will account for him for them according to what His wisdom and justice require. This is the end, and the rest is available.
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : All right, al-Tariq.
The questioner : ... .
The Shaykh : All right, when Allah the Exalted mentioned that no one denies the Day of Judgment except every transgressor, sinner, He described the state of this man when he is called to the truth and to believing in the news of Allah, that he does not accept it.[Al-Qalam 68:15] Meaning: that these are myths and the talk of the ancients, nothing but to occupy the gatherings and to amuse oneself with them. And that is because, and may Allah protect us from that, he was not a believer, so the light of the verses of Allah the Exalted does not reach his heart, and he sees them like the myths of the ancients that old women and old men talk about, which have no reality and no seriousness. Allah the Exalted said: Meaning: they are not the myths of the ancients, but these people Meaning: they gathered upon it and veiled it from the truth. [Al-Mutaffifin 83:14] Meaning: from the evil deeds, because evil deeds stand between a person and guidance, as Allah the Exalted said: [Muhammad 47:17] So whoever is guided by the guidance of Allah and follows what Allah commanded and leaves what Allah forbade and believes in what Allah informed about and does the same with what came from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), there is no doubt that his heart will be illuminated, and that he will see the truth as truth and the falsehood as falsehood, and he will magnify the verses of Allah the Exalted and see that they are above all speech, and that the guidance of Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) is above all guidance. This is for the one whose heart Allah illuminated with faith. As for the one, and may Allah protect us from that, whose heart is stained with the filth and impurities of sins, he does not see these verses as truth, but he does not see them except as the myths of the ancients, as in this verse: [Al-Mutaffifin 83:14]
And in "bal" there is a slight pause according to some reciters, and according to others there is no pause. So it is permissible on this basis to say:[Al-Mutaffifin 83:14] And it is permissible to say: [Al-Mutaffifin 83:14] And this does not change the meaning, meaning: whether he paused or did not pause, the meaning does not change.
[Al-Mutaffifin 83:15] By this verse, the people of the Sunnah and the community argued for the establishment of the seeing of Allah the Exalted, and the indication is apparent: for they were not veiled in the state of anger except that the righteous were enabled to see Him the Exalted in the state of pleasure. If these were veiled, then the righteous are not veiled. And if the veiling were for all of them, there would be no benefit at all in specifying it for the wicked.
And the seeing of Allah the Exalted is established in the Book, is mass-transmitted in the Sunnah, and is the consensus of the Companions and the Imams. There is no doubt in this that He the Exalted is seen truly with the eye, as He the Exalted said:[Al-Qiyamah 75:22-23] And He the Exalted said: [Yunus 10:26] And the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) interpreted the increase as looking at the Face of Allah the Exalted. And as in His saying the Exalted: [Qaf 50:35] And the increase here is in the meaning of the increase in His saying: [Yunus 10:26] And as He the Exalted said: [Al-An'am 6:103] For the negation of perception indicates the establishment of the original seeing. For this reason, this verse is among what the Salaf used as evidence for the seeing of Allah, and the Khalaf used it as evidence for the non-seeing of Allah. And there is no doubt that the verse is evidence against them, because Allah did not negate the seeing by it, but He negated the perception, and the negation of perception indicates the establishment of the original seeing. So the result is that the Qur'an indicated the establishment of the seeing of Allah the Exalted truly with the eye. And the Sunnah came with that explicitly, where the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Jami` at-Tirmidhi 2554Sahih (Darussalam) And the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) and those who followed them in goodness from the Salaf of this Ummah and its Imams believed in that. And those whose minds and hearts were veiled from the truth denied it, and they said: Allah cannot be seen with the eye, and what is meant by seeing in the verses is the seeing of the heart, meaning: certainty. And there is no doubt that this is a false statement that contradicts the Qur'an, the Sunnah, and the consensus of the Salaf. Then, certainty is established for others as well, even the wicked on the Day of Resurrection; they will see what they were promised truly and will be certain of it.
And this is not the place for lengthening the discussion in establishing the seeing of Allah the Exalted and debating the evidence of the two groups, because the matter, praise be to Allah, is clearer than to lengthen the speech in it.
Indeed, these wicked ones will enter the Hellfire, meaning: they will enter it, they will experience its heat and its punishment. We ask Allah for safety. This is a rebuke and a reprimand for them. [Al-Mutaffifin 83:17] So the bodily punishment and the bodily pain of being burned in the Fire will gather upon them, as well as the spiritual punishment of reprimand and regret, where [Al-Mutaffifin 83:17] For this reason, they say: [Al-An'am 6:27] Allah the Exalted said: [Al-An'am 6:28] Yes, but as for now, we move to the questions, and we start with al-Ayyam.
(7) Then as for he who is given his record in his right hand, (8) He will be judged with an easy account
فَأَمَّا مَنْ أُوتِيَ كِتَابَهُ بِيَمِينِهِ * فَسَوْفَ يُحَاسَبُ حِسَاباً يَسِيراًto his Lord
إلى ربهAnd to Allah belong the unseen [aspects] of the heavens and the earth and to Him will be returned the matter, all of it
وَلِلَّهِ غَيْبُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَإِلَيْهِ يُرْجَعُ الْأَمْرُ كُلُّهُSo as for he who is given his record in his right hand
فَأَمَّا مَنْ أُوتِيَ كِتَابَهُ بِيَمِينِهِSo as for he who is given his record in his right hand
فَأَمَّا مَنْ أُوتِيَ كِتَابَهُ بِيَمِينِهِHe will be judged with an easy account
فَسَوْفَ يُحَاسَبُ حِسَاباً يَسِيراًThat Allah the Exalted isolates His believing servant and confronts him with his sins, saying: You did such and such, you did such and such, you did such and such. He acknowledges it and does not deny it. Then Allah the Exalted says: I have concealed it from you in this world, and I am forgiving it for you today
أن الله عز وجل يخلو بعبده المؤمن ويقرره بذنوبه فيقول : عملت كذا عملت كذا عملت كذا ويقر بذلك ولا ينكر فيقول الله تعالى : قد سترتها عليك في الدنيا وأنا أغفرها لك اليومHe will be judged with an easy account
فَسَوْفَ يُحَاسَبُ حِسَاباً يَسِيراً(25) Indeed, to Us is their return. (26) Then indeed, upon Us is their account.
إِنَّ إِلَيْنَا إِيَابَهُمْ * ثُمَّ إِنَّ عَلَيْنَا حِسَابَهُمْ(8) He will be judged with an easy account (9) And return to his people in happiness.
فَسَوْفَ يُحَاسَبُ حِسَاباً يَسِيراً * وَيَنْقَلِبُ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ مَسْرُوراًThe (members) of the first group to get into Paradise would have their faces as bright as full moon during the night
أول زمرة تدخل الجنة على صورة القمر ليلة البدر(10) But as for he who is given his record behind his back, (11) He will cry out for destruction
وَأَمَّا مَنْ أُوتِيَ كِتَابَهُ وَرَاءَ ظَهْرِهِ * فَسَوْفَ يَدْعُو ثُبُوراً * وَيَصْلَى سَعِيراًBut as for he who is given his record in his left hand
وَأَمَّا مَنْ أُوتِيَ كِتَابَهُ بِشِمَالِهِThen he will call for destruction
فَسَوْفَ يَدْعُو ثُبُوراًThen he will call for destruction, and he will burn in the Blazing Fire
فَسَوْفَ يَدْعُو ثُبُوراً * وَيَصْلَى سَعِيراًIndeed, he had [once] been among his people in happiness;
إِنَّهُ كَانَ فِي أَهْلِهِ مَسْرُوراًAnd he will return to his people rejoicing
وَيَنْقَلِبُ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ مَسْرُوراًhad [once] been among his people in happiness;
كَانَ فِي أَهْلِهِ مَسْرُوراًIndeed, he had thought he would never return [to Allah].
إِنَّهُ ظَنَّ أَنْ لَنْ يَحُورَhe had thought he would never return
ظَنَّ أَنْ لَنْ يَحُورَWho will give life to bones while they are disintegrated?"
مَنْ يُحْيِي الْعِظَامَ وَهِيَ رَمِيمٌIndeed, he had thought he would never return [to Allah].
إِنَّهُ ظَنَّ أَنْ لَنْ يَحُورَNay
بَلَىIndeed, his Lord was ever of him, Seeing.
إِنَّ رَبَّهُ كَانَ بِهِ بَصِيراًThe student: Yes.
The Shaykh : All right, al-Tariq.
The questioner : ... .
The Shaykh : All right, when Allah the Exalted mentioned that no one denies the Day of Judgment except every transgressor, sinner, He described the state of this man when he is called to the truth and to believing in the news of Allah, that he does not accept it.
When Our verses are recited to him, he says, "Legends of the former peoples."
إِذَا تُتْلَى عَلَيْهِ آيَاتُنَا قَالَ أَسَاطِيرُ الْأَوَّلِينَNo!
كَلَّاNay, but a rust has covered their hearts
بَلْ رَانَ عَلَى قُلُوبِهِمْthe stain has covered their hearts of that which they were earning.
رَانَ عَلَى قُلُوبِهِمْ مَا كَانُوا يَكْسِبُونَAnd those who are guided - He increases them in guidance and gives them their righteousness.
وَالَّذِينَ اهْتَدَوْا زَادَهُمْ هُدىً وَآتَاهُمْ تَقْوَاهُمْNo! Rather, the stain has covered their hearts of that which they were earning.
كَلَّا بَلْ رَانَ عَلَى قُلُوبِهِمْ مَا كَانُوا يَكْسِبُونَAnd in "bal" there is a slight pause according to some reciters, and according to others there is no pause. So it is permissible on this basis to say:
No! Rather, the stain
كَلَّا بَلْ رَانَNo! Rather, the stain has covered their hearts of that which they were earning.
كَلَّا بَلْ رَانَ عَلَى قُلُوبِهِمْ مَا كَانُوا يَكْسِبُونَNo! Indeed, from their Lord, that Day, they will be partitioned.
كَلَّا إِنَّهُمْ عَنْ رَبِّهِمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ لَمَحْجُوبُونَAnd the seeing of Allah the Exalted is established in the Book, is mass-transmitted in the Sunnah, and is the consensus of the Companions and the Imams. There is no doubt in this that He the Exalted is seen truly with the eye, as He the Exalted said:
(22) [Some] faces, that Day, will be radiant, (23) Looking at their Lord.
وُجُوهٌ يَوْمَئِذٍ نَاضِرَةٌ * إِلَى رَبِّهَا نَاظِرَةٌFor them who have done good is the best [reward] and extra
لِلَّذِينَ أَحْسَنُوا الْحُسْنَى وَزِيَادَةٌThey will have whatever they wish therein, and with Us is more.
لَهُمْ مَا يَشَاءُونَ فِيهَا وَلَدَيْنَا مَزِيدٌFor them who have done good is the best [reward] and extra
لِلَّذِينَ أَحْسَنُوا الْحُسْنَى وَزِيَادَةٌVision perceives Him not, but He perceives [all] vision
لا تُدْرِكُهُ الْأَبْصَارُ وَهُوَ يُدْرِكُ الْأَبْصَارَYou will see your Lord as you see the sun on a clear day when there is no cloud between you and it
إنكم سترون ربكم عياناكما ترون الشمس صحوا ليس دونها سحابyou shall see your Lord as you see the moon on the night of a full moon, you shall not crowd one another to see Him.
إنكم سترون ربكم كما ترون القمر ليلة البدر لا تضامون في رؤيتهAnd this is not the place for lengthening the discussion in establishing the seeing of Allah the Exalted and debating the evidence of the two groups, because the matter, praise be to Allah, is clearer than to lengthen the speech in it.