Exegesis of Surat al-Dhariyat, verses (15-19), and other selected verses, and what is derived from them.

The Shaykh : And we are now at His saying, Blessed and Exalted is He: As you see, this sentence is a declarative sentence affirmed by the particle "in" (that). The pious are those who feared the punishment of Allah, Mighty and Majestic, by obeying Him, by complying with His command, and by avoiding His prohibition. "Gardens" is the plural of "garden," and it is pluralized with respect to its types and varieties. It has come in the Qur'an in the singular, such as His saying: It has also come in the plural; it is singular with respect to the genus and plural with respect to the species. "Eyes" is the plural of "eye," and they are the flowing rivers. Allah, the Exalted, mentioned that they are of four types: rivers of water that is not putrefied, rivers of milk whose taste has not changed, rivers of wine, a delight for those who drink, and rivers of purified honey.
His saying: "Taking" is a state (hal) of the hidden pronoun in the report, meaning in the state of them being that is, what He gave them of bliss. This verse is like the verse in Surat al-Tur: that is, what Allah gave them of bliss in these gardens. Then He clarified the reason by which they reached this, saying: It has been established, indeed it is established, from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) that he said: This is excellence in worship. As for excellence in dealing with creation, the most comprehensive thing said about it is what the Prophet (may Allah's prayer and peace be upon him) said: This is excellence toward people: that you treat people as you would like to be treated, with good character, a pleasant face, withholding harm, and giving generously, among other known things. These doers of good in the worship of Allah are also doers of good toward the servants of Allah. They were, before that, meaning before they took what Allah brought them of bliss, doers of good. Then He detailed this excellence, or He detailed a type of this excellence, saying: What is this? It is said that it is superfluous, superfluous in wording but superfluous in meaning, and the estimation is that they were few in sleeping, meaning they slept little. Why?
That is, they sleep little. And what do they do in this wakefulness? They do what Allah, the Exalted, mentioned in Surat al-Muzzammil: They are not staying up for amusement and idle talk, nor do they wake up to such things, but they reduce their sleep to be free for the obedience of Allah, Mighty and Majestic.
"The hours of the dawn" is the plural of "hour of the dawn," and it is the last part of the night. They seek forgiveness from Allah, meaning they ask Allah for forgiveness. This is part of the goodness of their deeds and their not being pleased with themselves, and their feeling that even if they strive, they are falling short, so they seek forgiveness from Allah after performing the obedience to make up for any defect in it. And you know that it is prescribed at the end of acts of worship for a person to seek forgiveness from his Lord for any defect that may be in them. So after the prayer, a person seeks forgiveness from his Lord three times, and after Hajj, Allah, the Exalted, said: So they ask for forgiveness after their late-night prayer, their standing, and their staying up in the obedience of Allah, fearing that there may be shortcoming. This indicates their knowledge of themselves and that they see themselves as falling short, contrary to what some people do now: if they worship Allah, the Exalted, with the least act of worship, they become arrogant, think they have completed everything, and boast to Allah, the Exalted, with it, thinking they are among the righteous servants of Allah. It is true that a person should hope that if Allah blesses him with obedience, Allah will accept it, but his seeing that he has completed everything is something to be feared for a person, that his work may be nullified while he is unaware.
If a beggar came to them, they gave to him. If they saw a deprived person, meaning one prevented from sustenance, who is the poor, they gave to him. So their wealth was prepared with what pleases Allah, Mighty and Majestic, regarding the beggars and the deprived, and other than that of spending. The important thing is from the prescribed spending. So they carry out the obedience of Allah by late-night prayer, seeking forgiveness, and giving of wealth, but without extravagance or arrogance. And we will stop here so that we can devote ourselves to the questions, and because we will begin with new verses that are not from the topic we are currently dealing with. So let us begin with the questions. Please.