Exegesis of Surat al-Tur, verses (29 - 36), and other selected verses, and what is derived from them.

The Shaykh : We begin this session as we began previous sessions, by speaking about what is facilitated in the exegesis of the noble verses we reached in Surat al-Tur, which is His saying, Blessed and Exalted is He:
The address is to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family). "Remind" is the command, and the one being reminded is omitted. The implied meaning is: remind the people, or if you wish, say: remind those to whom you were sent, of the jinn and mankind.
This is a negation of what the deniers of the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) claimed, namely that he is a soothsayer or a madman. Allah the Exalted said: The soothsayer is the one who informs about hidden matters in the future. Soothsaying was famous in the pre-Islamic age of ignorance. A person would have a companion from the jinn who would accompany and serve him. Then the jinn would ascend to the sky to listen to what is said in the sky, and descend with it to this soothsayer. This would be knowledge of the unseen from the people of the earth. But the soothsayer would add many things he fabricated. If what he heard from the sky came to pass, he would become great among his people because he informed about a future event that occurred.
So the soothsayer, then, is the one who informs about what? Hidden matters in the future. When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) came with the revelation, the polytheists rejected it and denied it. They said: Muhammad only brought this from soothsaying, because soothsayers inform about a thing and it comes to pass. Also, soothsayers bring forth rhymed prose resembling the Qur'an. And the Qur'an, as you know, consists of detailed verses brought by the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family). For this reason, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said regarding the speech of Haml ibn al-Nabigha, who said: because of the rhymed prose he recited.
The point is that they say that Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), is a soothsayer. So Allah negated that. Then they said: he is a madman who brings forth what is not known. Allah refuted them and said: This phrase is a negation confirmed by the extra ba' grammatically, which conveys meaning. "A soothsayer" originally is: So by the favor of your Lord, you are not a soothsayer nor a madman. But the ba' was added to confirm the negation.
Then Allah the Exalted said: meaning: Rather, do they say? This "am" is called disconnected by grammarians, meaning it is not a conjunction, because "bal" comes as a conjunction and comes as disconnected. Here it is disconnected, and the implied meaning is: Rather, do they say he is a poet? The question here is for rebuke and denial of them.
And His saying: The poet is the one who brings forth rhymed speech, and his poetry sometimes contains judgments. For this reason, it came in the hadith: So they say: Muhammad is a poet.
meaning: We wait for him, meaning: the events of time and its blows, so he perishes as the poets before him perished, and he will have no effect. Look, and I seek refuge in Allah, how they await the death of the Messenger (may Allah's prayers and peace be upon him). They say: This is a poet of the same kind as poets; he will perish and his affair will end.
And His saying: It was said that "al-manun" is time, and it was said that "al-manun" is death. They are two concomitant things, and the intended meaning is the destructive, annihilating events of time.
He the Exalted said: In response to them, The command here is also for threat and challenge. Wait for this poet for the uncertainty of death, and see if he dies and his call dies, or if you die and your opposition dies?
So we say, wait; this is a command verb for what? For challenge and threat as well. meaning: So I am also waiting. You wait, and I am waiting for who the outcome will be for. And the outcome, praise be to Allah, was for the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him and his family).

He the Exalted said: Here we say that "am" is disconnected, and the disconnected "am" is estimated as what? As "bal" and the hamza. The meaning is: Rather, do you order them? This is a transition from the first to the second. Do you order them meaning: their minds with this? So they say: he is a madman, he is a soothsayer, he is a poet. Do their minds order them to do this?
The answer is: , meaning: Rather, their minds do not order them to do this. Many of them know that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) in truth, but their arrogance overcame them—and I seek refuge in Allah—so they denied and lied. For this reason, He said: meaning: transgressing and unjust. The original meaning of transgression is exceeding the limit, as in His saying, the Exalted: meaning: the water transgressed, meaning what? It increased and rose above its usual state, .
Rather, they are a people who transgress, and what comes after?
This is also another transition, and "am" here is disconnected, meaning: "bal" and the hamza. The meaning is: Rather, do they say he fabricated it? Do they say he fabricated it, meaning: he invented it and lied about it. Meaning, a group of them said: Muhammad (may Allah's prayers and peace be upon him) fabricated this Qur'an and invented it on his own. And some of them say:
meaning: Rather, they do not believe. If they had believed, they would have known that the Qur'an cannot be fabricated by a human, because the speech of Allah, Mighty and Majestic, is not like any speech.
Then He challenged them and said: meaning: If you fabricated it, then you are like them, a human who speaks as they speak, preaches as they preach, and says as they say. If you fabricated it and it is from you, then let them bring a story like it, because humans can bring speech resembling the speech of other humans. So if Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) fabricated it, then bring something like it. The lam here is for command, and what is intended by it is what? Challenge and incapacitation. And this is the ultimate challenge. They were unable to bring a story like it, even though they were the princes of eloquence and the sultans of clarity, but they were unable. So what does their inability indicate? It indicates that the Qur'an is not from the speech of humans, but it is from the speech of Allah, Mighty and Majestic. For this reason, He said: And despite the strength of their opposition and the strength of their eloquence and clarity, they were unable to bring a story like it. They could not, so that indicated that Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), did not fabricate it, and they were unable to bring something like it.
And in His saying: The word "hadith" is indefinite, and the indefinite indicates generality. But it came in another verse that Allah said: And it came in another verse the report that no one will be able to oppose the Qur'an, so He the Exalted said: Even if they cooperate? Yes, even if they cooperate. For this reason, He said: It is now clear that their claim that he fabricated it is false. Why? Because Allah challenged them to bring something like it, but they were unable.
Then Allah the Exalted argued from His Lordship to His Divinity and said: Here we say about "am" what was mentioned before, meaning: "bal" and the hamza. Rather, did they create themselves from nothing, meaning: without a Creator,
And the answer is: No, they did not create themselves without a Creator, nor are they the creators. As for the fact that they were not created without a Creator, it is because the rational and sensory rule agreed upon by the rational people is: "Every created thing must have a Creator" "Every created thing must have a Creator" This is a rule agreed upon by the rational people. So if every created thing must have a Creator, we look at ourselves: are we created things, is that not so? Allah the Exalted said: One of us who is twenty years old, before twenty-two years, was nothing mentioned, not known and not known about. So we are created things. Every created thing, my brothers, must have a Creator. Did you create yourselves without a Creator? The answer is: No, this is a rational answer that is not denied. Or are they the creators of themselves? The answer is: No, not yes? No, because before they existed, they were non-existence. And how can non-existence create? This is not possible. So if it is clear that they were not created without a Creator, and that they did not create themselves, it is established that they must have a Creator capable of bringing them into existence. Who? Allah, Mighty and Majestic. None of them can say: The one who created me is my father or my mother. No one can say this. So if it is not so, it is established that they have a Creator, and He is Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He. And if they have a Creator and they are created, sustained, and managed, it is obligatory that they submit to this Creator and worship Him alone, as He is the Creator alone.
This verse was heard by Jubayr ibn Muttam, who had arrived in Madinah while still a polytheist. He came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) seeking the ransom for the prisoners of Badr. I think it is not hidden from many of you that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and his companions achieved victory at Badr, and praise be to Allah, and He granted them victory for our sake. They killed seventy men from Quraysh and took seventy men as prisoners, and brought them to Madinah. They were divided into groups: some were released by the Prophet (may Allah pray upon him and grant him peace) and he showed them mercy; some were ransomed with money; some were ransomed with a prisoner, if there was a prisoner, I do not know; and some were ransomed by teaching the people of Madinah how to write.
Jubayr ibn Muttam came to the Prophet (may Allah pray upon him and grant him peace) seeking the ransom for the prisoners of Badr, because he was from the core of Quraysh, and the prisoners were also from Quraysh. It appears to me, and Allah knows best, that Jubayr heard the words of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): Because you know the story of Jubayr when the Prophet (may Allah pray upon him and grant him peace) returned from Ta'if, he gave him safe conduct, and he walked with him from when he entered Makkah until he reached the Ka'bah. He ordered his sons, who were wearing swords, to stand, each one at a corner of the Ka'bah, so that no one would transgress against the Messenger. So he was kind to the Prophet (may Allah pray upon him and grant him peace) through his father.
Regarding this kindness, the Prophet (may Allah pray upon him and grant him peace) said, and he was the most faithful of people (may Allah pray upon him and grant him peace) in his generosity, he said: Who are the stinking ones? The prisoners. He described them as stinking because the polytheists are impure, and "stinking" means a foul smell. So, regarding these stinking ones, he left them for him.
Jubayr, his son, did this, and Allah knows best, perhaps he heard this statement, so he came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) seeking the ransom for the prisoners. The Messenger (may Allah pray upon him and grant him peace) was reciting Surat al-Tur in the Maghrib prayer. When he reached this verse: Jubayr said: My heart almost flew away, because this is a compelling argument from which no one can escape. He said: And faith settled in my heart, meaning that faith entered his heart. Glory be to Allah! Look at the impact of the Noble Qur'an, even though the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) did not call him at that hour, but he heard this wonderful and great verse, and his heart almost flew away.
The answer to both is easy, what is it? No, they were not created from nothing, nor are they the creators. Rather, they have a Creator, and He is Allah (Glorified and Exalted is He). And no one can deny these two premises. It is all a definitive argument that refutes every disbeliever, because if he says: Yes, and he has a Creator who created him, we say: Then why do you not worship Him, because you are His slave and owned by Him?
He moved from the lower to the higher. Creating the heavens and the earth is greater than creating people. So He moved from the lower to the higher.
The answer: No, because "Am" here is like its predecessors. Rather, did they create the heavens and the earth? And the answer: No, even they acknowledge this. They acknowledge this, but despite that, they do not acknowledge the message. For this reason, He said: Meaning: They do not have certainty in the creation of the heavens and the earth that the One who created them is Allah, because if they had certainty, this certainty would have led them to believe in the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and acknowledge his message.
And, if Allah wills, the rest of the speech will come regarding what remains of these great compelling arguments by which Allah compelled Quraysh. All of this is for the establishment of the argument against them. And if He had willed, (Glorified and Exalted is He), He would have punished them without this argumentation or this discussion.
We now begin with the questions from the right side.