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﴿ فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِن كُنتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ ﴾

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How do we reconcile the hadith of Ibn 'Abbas that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) combined the Zuhr and 'Asr prayers, and the Maghrib and 'Isha' prayers, without fear or travel?

Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The questioner : May the peace, mercy, and blessings of Allah be upon you.

The Shaykh : And upon you be peace and Allah's mercy and blessings.

The questioner : How do we reconcile the hadith of Ibn 'Abbas in Sahih Muslim:
That the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) combined the Zuhr and 'Asr prayers, and the Maghrib and 'Isha' prayers, without fear or travel أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم جمع بين الظهر والعصر، وبين المغرب والعشاء، من غير خوف ولا سفر
?

The Shaykh : Yes,
combined the Zuhr and Asr (prayers), and the Maghrib and Isha (prayers) in Al-Madinah, without being in a state of fear, nor due to rain. جمع في المدينة بين الظهر والعصر، وبين المغرب والعشاء، من غير خوف ولا مطر
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 187Sahih (Darussalam)
This narration is more authentic than the narration:
or travel ولا سفر
because his statement:
or travel ولا سفر
is negated by his statement:
in Madinah في المدينة
In any case, the issue you raised was raised by people against Ibn 'Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him and his father), and they said:
What was his intention in that? He said: He intended not to burden his Ummah ما أراد إلى ذلك؟ قال: أراد ألا يحرج أمته
meaning: that she should not be burdened by leaving off the combination.
So, whenever there is hardship in leaving off the combination, it is permissible to combine; but if there is no hardship in it, then combining is forbidden and not permissible, due to the saying of Allah (Blessed and Exalted is He):
Indeed, prayer has been decreed upon the believers a decree of specified times. إِنَّ الصَّلاةَ كَانَتْ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ كِتَاباً مَوْقُوتاً
[An-Nisa 4:103]
, and because the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) set the times for these prayers and defined them: Zuhr from such a time to such a time, and 'Asr likewise, and Maghrib and 'Isha' and Fajr. So, whoever brings something forward before its time or delays something past its time without a valid legal excuse, he is sinful and his prayer is not accepted, due to the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family):
He who did any act for which there is no sanction from our behalf, that is to be rejected. من عمل عملاً ليس عليه أمرنا فهو رد
Sahih Muslim 1718b
.
And there is no proof in this hadith for one who permits combining without need, because Ibn 'Abbas clarified this and said:
He intended not to cause hardship for his Ummah. أراد ألا يحرج أمته
If he had said: "He intended to be lenient with his Ummah," there would have been a possibility that his meaning was that combining is permissible and leaving it off is better. But when he said:
He intended not to burden أراد ألا يحرج
we knew that the intended meaning is when there is hardship and difficulty in leaving off the combination.
Source alathar.net

The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.

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