Exegesis of the saying of Allah the Exalted: “He knows what enters the earth and what comes out of it, and what descends from the sky and what ascends in it”

Then he explained or detailed a portion of His knowledge, saying: What enters the earth, what do you say? Like water and others Like plants and others From sustenance and others What ascends in it, from deeds and others. Yes, this is a matter of detailing. And is a relative pronoun that implies generality, meaning that everything that enters the earth, Allah (Glorified and Exalted is He) knows it. The author says: “Like water”. Does water enter the earth and not come out of it? It enters and comes out. When Allah sends water down from the sky, He causes it to enter the earth as springs. And when Allah the Exalted wills for it to come out, it comes out by means of a tool or without a tool. Good. And His saying: “and others”. And what is other than water that enters the earth? The dead and others.
The student: .....

The Shaykh : Yes, and things that have burrows in the earth, and we do not say that plants are also [included], plants are also [included], yes. All their seeds are inside the earth. The important point is that the things that enter the earth are too numerous to count in terms of their types, let alone their individuals, and it is very vast. And Allah (Glorified and Exalted is He) knows it, even the ant that enters its burrow, Allah (Glorified and Exalted is He) knows it. Good. The author says: “Like plants and others”. Plants are clear, and others are like water, minerals, and animals that spread in the earth. And do we say: and among that is man? Yes, this is the principle, yes. Extraction and insertion. [Nuh:18]^Good, he says: From sustenance and others. How does sustenance descend from the sky? Do you stay in the house every day and dates are given to you, descending from the sky, or clothes? No. But sustenance is by rain, for example. Allah sends down rain, so the earth grows and water and pasture come out of it. Clear. Good. And other than this, what descends? The command of Allah the Majestic descends. The command of Allah descends; He manages the affair from the sky to the earth. And the angels also descend, and meteors descend upon the places of the devils, and many things of this kind, and Allah knows them. He says: “What ascends in it, from deeds and others”. Here means it ascends, and “ya'ruju” (ascends) is transitive with “ila” (to), as He said the Exalted: [Al-Ma'arij:4]^And He said: [As-Sajdah:5]^And here He said: The grammarians differed on such matters. Some said that the preposition means what suits the verb, meaning they make the preposition mean another preposition that suits the verb. For example, they say “fi” (in) means “ila” (to). And some say: rather, the preposition remains with its original meaning, and the verb is implied with a meaning that suits that preposition. And this is the school of the Basrans. They say: implied with its apparent meaning, which is ascending, the meaning of entering. That is, it ascends and enters in it. It is not intended by “what ascends” only, nor does it enter; it ascends and enters in it. And it has preceded us in the introduction to the exegesis of Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah that this school is the correct and verified school, which is that the verb is implied with a meaning that suits the preposition, because this implication gives the verb two meanings:
One of them is: the apparent meaning of the word.
And the second is: the meaning it implies to suit the preposition it is attached to. And this appears clearly in His saying the Exalted: It is known that we do not drink with the eye. We answer with a tool from a vessel. What is the tool of drinking? To say “I drink with the vessel” is correct, but it is drunk by it, and it is an eye, which cannot be a vessel for it. Some scholars see that the “ba” (with) is made to mean “min” (from), meaning he drinks from it. And others see that “yashrabu” (drinks) implies the meaning of “yurwi” (quenching thirst). If we imply “yashrabu” with the meaning of “yurwi,” we benefit from two things: drinking, what after? And quenching thirst. But if we say that “ba” means “min,” we do not benefit from this benefit. So the important point is that the correct school is that we imply a verb with a meaning that suits the preposition, and we do not make the preposition mean another preposition.