Continuation of the commentary on Tafsir al-Jalalayn: “And We made his offspring the ones who remained.” All people are from his lineage, and he had three sons.

His offspring, from whose offspring? That is, his lineage. Allah made the lineage of Noah the ones who remained. For this reason, it is said that Noah (peace and blessings be upon him) is the second father of humanity, and the first father is Adam. It is also said that Ibrahim is the father of the prophets, but not the father of humanity, because humanity did not consist solely of the offspring of Ibrahim. However, he is the father of the prophets because all the prophets after him were from his offspring, as Allah the Exalted said previously: So the prophets before Ibrahim were from the offspring of Noah, and the prophets after Ibrahim were from the offspring of Noah and Ibrahim, because Ibrahim was from the offspring of Noah. The author said: “So all people are from his lineage (peace be upon him)” All people after him are from his lineage, but those before him are not from his lineage; they are from the lineage of Adam. The author said: “And he had three sons: Sam, who is the father of the Arabs, the Persians, and the Romans; Ham, who is the father of the Sudanese; and Yafith, who is the father of the Turks, the Khazars, Gog and Magog, and so on” This is the well-known view among historians that the offspring of Noah were three: Sam, Ham, and Yafith. However, this has not come in an authentic Sunnah from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), nor has anything come in the Qur'an indicating this. It is better for us to say that the people after Noah were from his offspring. As for this division, it requires evidence, and there is no evidence from the Book of Allah or the Sunnah of His Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) regarding it. Allah, Glorified and Exalted is He, mentioned that the previous nations are not known except by Allah. In which verse? In Surat Ibrahim: So if Allah negates the knowledge of anyone about them except Himself, Glorified and Exalted is He, then it is obligatory to receive knowledge of them from Allah, Glorified and Exalted is He, and not from anyone else. So we return to the revelation. And with this, what is in the books of historians regarding the conditions of past nations, if there is no evidence from the Book and the Sunnah, is a matter in which we suspend judgment; we do not assert it with certainty, such as the hadith about the Children of Israel. These three sons of Noah are among those about whom we suspend judgment. It does not concern us whether the remaining ones were three or thirty of his sons. The important thing is that we believe in what the Book of Allah indicates, which is that the offspring of Noah are the ones who remained. And those who believed with him, did they not have offspring? They may have had offspring, but it did not remain. Allah knows best. It is possible for a person to have a son and a grandson, and then his lineage is cut off. It is possible for him to have a son and a daughter up to five, and then his lineage is cut off. So we do not know. But the one whose lineage remained is Noah; his offspring are the ones who remained.