A discussion on the meanings of the verse: “Forbidden to you are your mothers, your daughters, your sisters… and the mothers of your wives…”
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In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds. Allah, Mighty and Majestic, said: [An-Nisa 4:23]
The Shaykh : A question about the forbidden?
The student: Allah, Mighty and Majestic,
The Shaykh : Why is it omitted?
The student: Because it is known.
The Shaykh : As in His saying:[An-Nisa 4:28] So legal matters may be expressed in the passive voice, such as , and so may cosmic matters, such as:
The Shaykh : What is meant by “mothers” here?
The student: The intended meaning is your ancestors.
The Shaykh : But who is she if it says “mother”? Who is she?
The student: The one who gave birth.
The Shaykh : What is the evidence that “mother” means the one who gave birth?
The student: His saying:[Al-Mujadila 58:2]
The Shaykh : Does “mother” here include the grandmother and those above her?
The student: Yes, it includes them.
The Shaykh : And does it include those who come from the father and mother, or from the father only?
The student: It includes both.
The Shaykh : We mentioned the rule that a person’s paternal aunt is a paternal aunt to him and his descendants until the Day of Resurrection, whether the descendants branch from females or from males. Is that correct?
The student: Yes,
The Shaykh : And the maternal aunt?
The student: And the maternal aunt is the same.
The Shaykh : And the sister?
The student: The sister, no.
The Shaykh : How?
The student: The sister has a stronger bond with him?
The Shaykh : If she were, what would the sister be?
The student: The sister would be a maternal aunt.
The Shaykh : Only a maternal aunt?
The student: And a paternal aunt.
The Shaykh : Only a paternal aunt?
The student: A paternal aunt or a maternal aunt.
The Shaykh : A paternal aunt or a maternal aunt?
The student: A paternal aunt if she is the sister of the father, and a maternal aunt if she is the sister of the mother.
The Shaykh : What do you say? Is it correct? A paternal aunt if she is the sister of the father, and a maternal aunt if she is the sister of the mother. Is that correct?
The student: Yes, that is correct.
The Shaykh : The relatives forbidden by kinship, based on that, how many are there? How many by kinship? The father and the grandfather. How about the grandfather? Would anyone marry the grandfather? I ask: How many are the relatives forbidden by kinship?
The student: Seven.
The Shaykh : The number?
The student: Your mothers, your daughters, your sisters, your paternal aunts, your maternal aunts, the daughters of brothers, and the daughters of sisters.
The Shaykh : How many are these?
The student: Seven.
The Shaykh : These are forbidden by kinship.
The Shaykh : Their rules according to the jurists. What do the jurists say about the rules of these seven?
Prohibited to you [for marriage] are your mothers, your daughters, your sisters, your father's sisters, your mother's sisters, your brother's daughters, your sister's daughters, your [milk] mothers who nursed you, your sisters through nursing, your wives' mothers, and your step-daughters under your guardianship [born] of your wives unto whom you have gone in
حرمت عليم أمهاتكم وبناتكم وأخواتكم وعماتكم وخالاتكم وبنات الأخ وبنات الأخت وأمهاتكم اللاتي أرضعنكم أخواتكم من الرضاعة وأمهات نسائكم وربائبكم اللاتي في حجوركم من نسائكم اللاتي دخلتم بهن ...The Shaykh : A question about the forbidden?
The student: Allah, Mighty and Majestic,
The Shaykh : Why is it omitted?
The student: Because it is known.
The Shaykh : As in His saying:
and mankind was created weak.
وخلق الإنسان ضعيفاForbidden
حرمتCreated.
خلقThe Shaykh : What is meant by “mothers” here?
The student: The intended meaning is your ancestors.
The Shaykh : But who is she if it says “mother”? Who is she?
The student: The one who gave birth.
The Shaykh : What is the evidence that “mother” means the one who gave birth?
The student: His saying:
Their mothers are none but those who gave birth to them
إن أمهاتهم إلا اللائي ولدنهمThe Shaykh : Does “mother” here include the grandmother and those above her?
The student: Yes, it includes them.
The Shaykh : And does it include those who come from the father and mother, or from the father only?
The student: It includes both.
The Shaykh : We mentioned the rule that a person’s paternal aunt is a paternal aunt to him and his descendants until the Day of Resurrection, whether the descendants branch from females or from males. Is that correct?
The student: Yes,
The Shaykh : And the maternal aunt?
The student: And the maternal aunt is the same.
The Shaykh : And the sister?
The student: The sister, no.
The Shaykh : How?
The student: The sister has a stronger bond with him?
The Shaykh : If she were, what would the sister be?
The student: The sister would be a maternal aunt.
The Shaykh : Only a maternal aunt?
The student: And a paternal aunt.
The Shaykh : Only a paternal aunt?
The student: A paternal aunt or a maternal aunt.
The Shaykh : A paternal aunt or a maternal aunt?
The student: A paternal aunt if she is the sister of the father, and a maternal aunt if she is the sister of the mother.
The Shaykh : What do you say? Is it correct? A paternal aunt if she is the sister of the father, and a maternal aunt if she is the sister of the mother. Is that correct?
The student: Yes, that is correct.
The Shaykh : The relatives forbidden by kinship, based on that, how many are there? How many by kinship? The father and the grandfather. How about the grandfather? Would anyone marry the grandfather? I ask: How many are the relatives forbidden by kinship?
The student: Seven.
The Shaykh : The number?
The student: Your mothers, your daughters, your sisters, your paternal aunts, your maternal aunts, the daughters of brothers, and the daughters of sisters.
The Shaykh : How many are these?
The student: Seven.
The Shaykh : These are forbidden by kinship.
The Shaykh : Their rules according to the jurists. What do the jurists say about the rules of these seven?