Chapter on the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): "Islam is built on five": It is speech and action, and it increases and decreases. Allah the Exalted said:
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The reciter: Chapter on the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): Sunan an-Nasa'i 5001Sahih (Darussalam): It is speech and action, and it increases and decreases. Allah the Exalted said: [Al-Fath 48:4] [Maryam 19:76] [Muhammad 47:17] [Al-Muddaththir 74:31] And His saying: [At-Tawbah 9:124]. And His saying, Glorious is His mention: [Ali 'Imran 3:173]. And His saying, the Exalted: [Al-Ahzab 33:22]. Loving for the sake of Allah and hating for the sake of Allah are part of faith. 'Umar ibn 'Abd al-'Aziz wrote to 'Adi ibn 'Adi: "Faith has obligatory acts, laws, limits, and recommended practices. Whoever completes them has completed faith, and whoever does not complete them has not completed faith. If I live, I will explain them to you so that you may act upon them, and if I die, I am not eager for your company". And Ibrahim (peace be upon him) said: . And Mu'adh said: "Sit with us so we may believe for a while". And Ibn Mas'ud said: "Certainty is all of faith". And Ibn 'Umar said: "A servant does not reach the reality of piety until he leaves what stirs in the chest". And Mujahid said: ": We have enjoined upon you, O Muhammad, and upon him, one religion". And Ibn 'Abbas said: ": A way and a Sunnah".
The Shaykh : The author, al-Bukhari (may Allah have mercy on him), began with the Book of Faith after the Book of Revelation, because all matters related to deeds are built upon faith and creed. If a person has no faith and no creed, his deeds do not benefit him. Faith is necessary.
Then he said: "It is speech and action, and it increases and decreases". Speech and action, it increases and decreases. He did not speak of belief except if we say that speech is speech of the heart and speech of the tongue, and action is likewise of the tongue and the limbs. This is because faith is composed of four things: the belief of the heart, the action of the heart, the speech of the tongue, and the action of the limbs. All of these are faith.
As for the first, which is that faith is the belief of the heart, its evidence is the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him):Jami` at-Tirmidhi 2610Sahih (Darussalam). This is belief, and it is called the speech of the heart.
As for the second, which is the action of the heart, the saying of the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) is:. Modesty is among the actions of the hearts. Among the actions of the hearts are fear and hope, and the like. And Allah the Exalted said: [Ali 'Imran 3:175] What is it? [Al-Baqarah 2:91]. Fear resides in the heart, so it is an action of the heart, and Allah called it faith.
The third is the speech of the tongue. The speech of the tongue is part of faith. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said:Riyad as-Salihin 682, so he made speech part of faith.
The fourth is the action of the limbs. Regarding the action of the limbs, Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He, said:[Al-Baqarah 2:143]. The scholars interpreted this to mean that the intended faith is their prayer toward the Sacred Mosque. And the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Sahih Muslim 35b. Removing harm is an action of the limbs. This is the position of the people of the Sunnah and the community.
Some groups of the people of the religion claimed that faith is only belief. In fact, they said that faith is only knowledge, and that speech and action have no relation to faith. These are the extremists of the Murji'ah from the Jahmiyyah and those who followed them in that. These people said: Faith does not increase or decrease, it does not increase or decrease, because it is belief in the heart, and it does not increase or decrease. People are one in faith, like a comb when its teeth are equal. So the most perfect person in action and speech is like the most sinful person in action and speech, as long as he does not reach the limit of disbelief.
Others said the opposite of what these people said. They said: Faith is composed of these four, and it is not possible to have faith without completing these four. They even said that the doer of a major sin is either a disbeliever or not a believer, and he is in a position between two positions. As for the people of the Sunnah and the community, they said that faith includes these four things: belief, the belief of the heart, the action of the heart, the speech of the tongue, and the action of the limbs.
Islam is built on five
بني الإسلام على خمسthat they would increase in faith along with their [present] faith
ليزدادوا إيماناً مع إيمانهمAnd We increased them in guidance
وزدناهم هدىAnd Allah increases those who were guided, in guidance
ويزيد الله الذي اهتدوا هدىAnd those who are guided - He increases them in guidance and gives them their righteousness.
والذين اهتدوا زادهم هدى وءآتاهم تقواهمand those who have believed will increase in faith
ويزداد الذين آمنوا إيماناAnd whenever a surah is revealed, there are among the hypocrites those who say, "Which of you has this increased faith?" As for those who believed, it has increased them in faith, while they are rejoicing.
أيكم زادته هذه إيمانا فأما الذين ءآمنوا فزادتهم إيماناso fear them." But it [merely] increased them in faith
فاخشوهم فزادهم إيماناAnd it increased them only in faith and acceptance.
وما زادهم إلا إيماناً وتسليماًBut to make my heart at ease
ولكن ليطمئن قلبيHe has prescribed for you
شرع لكمA law and a way.
شرعة ومنهاجاThe Shaykh : The author, al-Bukhari (may Allah have mercy on him), began with the Book of Faith after the Book of Revelation, because all matters related to deeds are built upon faith and creed. If a person has no faith and no creed, his deeds do not benefit him. Faith is necessary.
Then he said: "It is speech and action, and it increases and decreases". Speech and action, it increases and decreases. He did not speak of belief except if we say that speech is speech of the heart and speech of the tongue, and action is likewise of the tongue and the limbs. This is because faith is composed of four things: the belief of the heart, the action of the heart, the speech of the tongue, and the action of the limbs. All of these are faith.
As for the first, which is that faith is the belief of the heart, its evidence is the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him):
To believe in Allah, His Angels, His, Books, His Messengers, the Day of Judgement, and Al-Qadar, the good of it and the bad of it.
الإيمان أن تؤمن بالله وملائكته وكتبه ورسله واليوم الآخر والقدر خيره وشرهAs for the second, which is the action of the heart, the saying of the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) is:
Modesty is part of faith
الحياء من الإيمانSo fear them not, but fear Me
فلا تخافوهم وخافونif you are [indeed] believers?"
إن كنتم مؤمنينThe third is the speech of the tongue. The speech of the tongue is part of faith. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said:
Iman has sixty odd or seventy odd branches. The uppermost of all these is the Testimony of Faith: 'La ilaha illallah'
الإيمان بضع وسبعون شعبة أعلاها قول : لا إله إلا اللهThe fourth is the action of the limbs. Regarding the action of the limbs, Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He, said:
And never would Allah have caused you to lose your faith
وما كان الله ليضيع إيمانكمIt is narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira that the Messenger of Allah (may peace and blessings be upon him) said: Faith has over seventy branches or over sixty branches, the most excellent of which is the declaration that there is no god but Allah, and the humblest of which is the, removal of what is injurious from the path: and modesty is a branch of faith.
الإيمان بضع وسبعون شعبة ، أعلاها قول لا إله إلا الله وأدناها إماطة الأذى عن الطريقSome groups of the people of the religion claimed that faith is only belief. In fact, they said that faith is only knowledge, and that speech and action have no relation to faith. These are the extremists of the Murji'ah from the Jahmiyyah and those who followed them in that. These people said: Faith does not increase or decrease, it does not increase or decrease, because it is belief in the heart, and it does not increase or decrease. People are one in faith, like a comb when its teeth are equal. So the most perfect person in action and speech is like the most sinful person in action and speech, as long as he does not reach the limit of disbelief.
Others said the opposite of what these people said. They said: Faith is composed of these four, and it is not possible to have faith without completing these four. They even said that the doer of a major sin is either a disbeliever or not a believer, and he is in a position between two positions. As for the people of the Sunnah and the community, they said that faith includes these four things: belief, the belief of the heart, the action of the heart, the speech of the tongue, and the action of the limbs.